三维视觉测量技术及应用进展  

Overview of the development and application of 3D vision measurement technology

作　　者：张宗华[1] 刘巍[2] 刘国栋[3] 宋丽梅[4] 屈玉福[5] 李旭东[5] 魏振忠[5] Zhang Zonghua;Liu Wei;Liu Guodong;Song Limei;Qu Yufu;Li Xudong;Wei Zhenzhong(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;School of Electronical Engineering and Automation,Haerbin Institute of Technology,Haerbin 150001,China;School of Artificial Intelligence,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学机械工程学院,天津300401 [2]大连理工大学机械学院,大连116024 [3]哈尔滨工业大学电气工程及自动化学院,哈尔滨150001 [4]天津工业大学人工智能学院,天津300387 [5]北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国图象图形学报》2021年第6期1483-1502,共20页Journal of Image and Graphics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFF0106404,2019YFB2006700);国家自然科学基金项目(51625501,51622501)。

摘　　要：三维视觉测量是计算机视觉与精密测量原理交叉融合的前沿高新技术,是工业4.0的基础支撑,是以网络化、智能化制造为变革特征的先进制造业的核心关键技术。经过几十年的发展,三维视觉测量技术在基础研究和应用研究上均获得了快速深入发展,形成了理论方法、技术工艺、系统研发和产品应用四位一体较为完备的方向体系,呈现出理论系统化、方法多维化、精度精准化和速度快捷化的发展趋势,成为智能制造过程控制、产品质量检验保证和装备整机服役测试的不可或缺的优选技术。本文主要围绕单相机、双相机和结构光等典型三维视觉测量技术展开论述,概要介绍其关键技术内涵,综述其发展现状、前沿动态、热点问题和发展趋势。重点论述条纹投影三维测量技术和相位测量偏折术。最后给出了三维视觉测量的发展趋势与未来展望。3 D vision measurement is a new and advanced technology of computer vision and precision measurement.It is the basic support of industry 4.0 and the core and key technology of advanced manufacturing industry characterized by networked and intelligent manufacturing.After decades of development,3 D vision measurement technology has been developed rapidly in basic research and applied research.It has formed the relatively complete direction system of four parts:theoretical method,technical process,system development and product application.3 D vision measurement technology presents a trend of systematic theory,multi-dimensional method,precise precision and rapid speed,which has become an indispensable optimization technology of intelligent manufacturing process control,product quality inspection and guarantee,and complete equipment service test.This paper mainly focuses on typical 3 D vision measurement technologies such as single-camera,double-camera and structured-light,and briefly introduces the connotation of the key technologies and summarizes its development status,frontier trends,hot issues and development trends.Single-,stereo-,and multiple cameras-based measuring system belong to passive vision,without external energy being projected on the surface of the object under test.Active vision technique projects some kind of energy onto the object surface,mainly including point-scanning,line-scanning,full-field,and time of flight.Therefore,active vision technique has been widely studied in academic and applied in many fields because of the advantages of high accuracy,non-contact,and automatic data processing.In this paper,the 3 D measurement technique of fringe projection profilometry(FPP)and phase measuring deflectometry(PMD)are mainly discussed.FPP-based techniques are widely applied to measure the diffused surface.A set of or one fringe patterns are generated in software and projected by a digital light processing(DLP)projector.From a different viewpoint,an imaging device,normally a charge coupled device(CCD)ca

关 键 词：三维视觉测量 条纹投影轮廓术 相位测量偏折术 相位计算 标定 综述 

分 类 号：TP274[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]