高度近视眼脉络膜形态学改变的研究进展  

Research advances of morphological changes of the choroid in high myopia

作　　者：段虹宇 马佰凯 杨婷婷 胡晨曦 唐楚皓 孙彤 赵一天 齐虹[1] Duan Hongyu;Ma Baikai;Yang Tingting;Hu Chenxi;Tang Chuhao;Sun Tong;Zhao Yitian;Qi Hong(Department of Ophthalmology,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve,Beijing 100191,China;Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering,Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Cixi 315200,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院眼科,眼部神经损伤的重建保护与康复北京市重点实验室,100191 [2]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所慈溪生物医学工程研究所,315200

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2021年第6期459-464,共6页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81974128,81570813);首都卫生发展科研专项自主创新项目(2020-2-4097)。

摘　　要：脉络膜变薄是高度近视眼的重要特征之一,且与近视程度相关。但因脉络膜显像技术具有局限性,有关脉络膜厚度及微血管系统改变的具体特征尚不清楚。近年来相干光层析成像术(OCT)和相干光层析血管成像术(OCTA)发展以及脉络膜厚度和微血管变化客观量化指标出现,有助于临床进一步探讨高度近视眼的发病机制,进而为治疗近视眼并评估预后提供新途径。本文综述近年来OCT和OCTA在高度近视眼脉络膜形态学改变研究中的应用及进展,并讨论其与人工智能相结合进行脉络膜显像时存在的问题与发展前景,以期为临床开展相关工作提供参考。Choroidal thinning is an important feature of high myopia and has a negative correlation with the degree of myopia.However,due to the limitations of choroidal imaging,specific changes in choroidal thickness and vasculature are unclear.In recent years,the development of optical coherence tomography technology and optical coherence tomography angiography technology has made it possible to solve the problem.Emergence of biomarkers that objectively quantify choroidal thickness and vascular changes will help us understand the pathogenesis of high myopia and provide new ideas for the prognosis and treatment of myopia.In this review,in order to provide reference for clinical work,we summarize recent advances in the application of the two technologies in observing morphological changes of the choroid in high myopia and discuss the problems and prospects when they are combined with artificial intelligence for choroidal imaging.

关 键 词：近视 退行性 脉络膜 体层摄影术 光学相干 血管造影术 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]