民族特色高校大学生人格特质与跨文化适应的关系  

The Relationship between Personality Traits and Cross-Cultural Adaptability of Collgeg Students in Colleges and Universities with National Characteristics

作　　者：马叶超 严秀英[1] MA Ye-chao;YAN Xiu-ying(Normal College,Yanbian University,Yanji 133002,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学师范学院,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《民族高等教育研究》2021年第3期85-92,共8页Research on Higher Education of Nationalities

基　　金：2017年度吉林省教育科学“十三五”规划重点课题“构建留守儿童学伴互助系统”(项目编号:ZD17012)的阶段成果;2019年度吉林省高教科重点课题“民族高校大学生跨文化适应的教育研究——以延边大学为例”(项目编号:JGJX2019C13)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：民族特色高校大学生人格特质和跨文化适应水平的高低会直接影响学校的人才培养质量。本研究采用整群随机抽样的方法,采用中国大五人格问卷简式版和自编跨文化适应问卷对民族特色高校2069名本科生进行问卷调查,结果显示:(1)民族特色高校大学生大五人格与常模相比,开放性人格高于全国常模(t=7.87,P<0.001),神经质、宜人性、外向性人格特质显著低于常模(t=-3.92,P<0.001;t=-2.41,P<0.001;t=-2.20,P<0.01);(2)民族特色高校大学生跨文化适应处于中等以上水平(4.20±0.55),呈U型曲线,三年级最低,其中最主要的问题是学习适应、学校生活满意度和人际交往适应;(3)民族特色高校大学生在大五人格总分及各维度在民族(F=10.48,P<0.001)(除外向性人格特质)、年级(F=3.71,P<0.05),生源地(F=6.45,P<0.001)上均存在显著性差异;跨文化适应总分及各维度在年级(F=15.95,P<0.001)、生源地(F=9.98,P<0.001)等人口学变量上均存在显著性差异。(4)民族特色高校大学生除神经质人格与跨文化适应总分及各维度呈显著负相关外,其余人格特质均呈现正相关,人格各维度均对跨文化适应有预测作用。The personality traits and cross-cultural adaptation of college students with national characteristics will directly affect the quality of talent training.A total of 2069 college students of universities with national char⁃acteristics participated the study by open Chinese big five personality questionnaire and a self-compiled cross-cultural adaptation questionnaire.The main results of the research are as follows:(1)Compared with the norm,the openness of big five personality of college students with national characteristics is significantly higher than that of the national norm(t=7.87,P<0.001),and the neuroticism,agreeableness,and extroversion personality traits are lower than the norm(t=-3.92,P<0.001;t=-2.41,P<0.001;t=-2.20,P<0.01);(2)The cross-cultural adaptation of university students in ethnic characteristics is above the medium level(4.20±0.55),showing a U-shaped curve,and the third grade is the lowest.The main problems are learning adaptation,school life satisfaction and interpersonal adaptation;(3)There are significant differences in ethnicity(F=10.48,P<0.001)(except extroversion personality traits),grade(F=3.71,P<0.05),birthplace(F=6.45,P<0.001)in the big five personality scores of college students of university with national characteristics;There are significant differences in grade(F=15.95,P<0.001)and birthplace(F=9.98,P<0.001)of cross-cultural adaptation.(4)The neurotic personality and the cross-cultural adaptation that are significantly negatively correlated.The other personality traits are all positively correlated,and all dimension of personality has a predictive effect on cross-cultural adaptation.

关 键 词：民族特色高校 大学生 人格特质 跨文化适应 

分 类 号：G641[文化科学—高等教育学]