洪水与战事中的清代绵州迁治研究  

Research on Process and Mechanism of Mianzhou City's Relocation in Qing Dynasty

作　　者：马剑[1] 张宇博 Ma Jian;Zhang Yubo(Southwest Center for Historical Geographical Studies,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学西南历史地理研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《历史地理研究》2021年第2期105-118,160,共15页The Chinese Historical Geography

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目“明清时期巴蜀地区乡村社会变迁研究”(SWU1609124);重庆市人文社会科学重点研究基地重点项目(16SKB054)。

摘　　要：乾隆中叶,涪江改道东流,严重的水灾影响绵州城池的完整性和地方政权机构的正常运转,在金川战事迫近和财政拮据的形势下,四川总督阿尔泰主导放弃修城,将治所迁至罗江县城。嘉庆初的白莲教起义又使得绵州旧治的区位优势得以凸显,知州刘印全及本州绅民合力促成了治所的回迁。迁而复回是清代治所迁移的五种方式之一,由自然区位的唯一性和人文区位的历史惯性决定,体现出洪水环境效应的区域差异。城址迁移研究中将“行动者”的决策过程和地理区位的分析相结合,有助于明了因果关系及主次因素,呈现鲜活的历史面貌,获得深入的历史认知。During the reign of Emperor Qianlong,the flood of Fujiang River seriously affected the integrity of Mianzhou city and the normal operation of local governmental institutions after the change of its course.Due to the impending war in Jinchuan and shortage of funds,the governor of Sichuan gave up repairing the walled-city and set Luojiang as the prefecture-leveled city instead.During the Jiaqing period,the local gentry and people jointly maneuvered for the return to the old Mianzhou,which regained its strategic importance during the White Lotus Uprising.The uniqueness of natural setting and historical inertia of human location,which reflected regional difference of flood environmental effect,are the reasons that lead to the relocation and return.The combination of the decision-making process of“actors”and the analysis of geographical mechanism in the study of city relocation is vital to the understanding on the causal relationship and primary or secondary factors,and the presentation of a vivid historical outlook and gaining in-depth historical cognition.

关 键 词：洪水 战事 绵州治所 行动者 区位分析 

分 类 号：K928[历史地理—人文地理学]