纳米颗粒稳定乳状液提高原油采收率研究进展  

Research Progresses on Nanoparticle-stabilized Emulsions for Enhanced Oil Recovery

作　　者：裴海华[1,2] 单景玲 曹旭 张贵才 蒋平[1,2] PEI Haihua;SHAN Jingling;CAO Xu;ZHANG Guicai;JIANG Ping(School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development(China University of Petroleum(East China)),Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,青岛266580 [2]非常规油气开发教育部重点实验室(中国石油大学(华东)),青岛266580

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第13期13227-13231,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0702400);国家自然科学基金(51574266);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2019MEE085);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(18CX02096A)。

摘　　要：纳米颗粒稳定乳状液具有高稳定性和高黏度等独特性质,因而在提高采收率领域比传统表面活性剂稳定乳状液体系更具应用潜力。通过调研近年来国内外文献,概述了纳米颗粒稳定乳状液的作用机理,包括空间位阻稳定机理和颗粒架桥稳定机理;总结了纳米颗粒稳定乳状液的主要影响因素,包括纳米颗粒的性质如润湿性、粒径、浓度和形状各向异性,水相的性质如pH值和矿化度,以及油相的性质;详细阐述了纳米颗粒稳定乳状液在提高原油采收率领域的最新研究进展,分析表明纳米颗粒不仅大幅度提高了乳状液的稳定性,而且增强了乳状液的流度控制能力,另外还能与表面活性剂、聚合物协同作用,能够满足高温、高盐油藏提高采收率的需求,最后指出了纳米颗粒稳定乳状液提高原油采收率存在的问题与发展前景。Nanoparticle-stabilized emulsion,owing to its unique properties of high stability,large viscosity and so on,has more significant potential in enhancing oil recovery compared with the classical emulsion stabilized by surfactants.The present review gives a description of the stabilization mechanism of emulsion by nanoparticles,including steric barrier stabilization and particle bridging stabilization,and also an analytical discussion on the factors affecting the stability of nanoparticle-stabilized emulsion from the aspects of nanoparticle properties(such as wettability,size,concentration and shape anisotropy),water phase properties(such as pH and salinity),and oil phase properties.A summary of the recent researches involving the application of nanoparticle-stabilized emulsion to oil recovery then demonstrates that nanoparticles can improve the stability and also facilitate the mobility control of emulsion,as well as interact synergistically with surfactant and polymer,making this new technology applicable and adequate for high temperature and high salinity reservoir.The paper ends with a critical and prospective outline on the existent problems and future prospect.

关 键 词：纳米颗粒 乳状液 稳定性 流度控制 提高采收率 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]