《太一生水》9—14简的两个疑难问题探析  

A Discussion of Two Difficult Problems of Bamboo Slips in Tai Yi Sheng Shui

作　　者：孙功进[1] Sun Gongjin

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学哲学系,山东日照276826

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2021年第4期92-97,共6页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“阴阳家在秦汉时期的衍变及其观念研究”(18BZX063)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《太一生水》的14支竹简存在着思想上的统一主题,此即第9简所言的“天道贵弱”,第9简是连接前8简和后5简的理论桥梁,9—14简不宜视为独立的一篇。9—14简中的“天地”是“字”,“道亦其字”的“道”作为“字”是指天地二者相互作用而构显的“天道”,此“天道”的特点在于以抽象普遍性的“贵弱”为宇宙法则。“青昏其名”的“青昏”指天地之名,其来源于天地之色,有晦暗不明义;竹简“讬其名”即是托“青昏”之名,但“讬其名”的“青昏”已是在抽象的意义上使用,指含藏锋芒、不自我显现的行为法则,是“贵弱”的落实。“天地名字并立”,则是指被“字”为天地、名为“青昏”的天地二者之并立,其目的在于强调天地二者形成新的法则即“天道”的过程,这一过程又通过《太一生水》所理解的天之西北和地之东南的高下之势得到了说明。《太一生水》的思想归宿在于确立人道的行为法则,结合简文中的“君子”“圣人”来看,其当为黄老学文献,并且简文已经隐含着政治哲学的思想倾向。There is a main idea in the fourteen bamboo slips of Tai Yi Sheng Shui(太一生水), that is Tian DaoGui Ruo(天道贵弱),which the nineth slip said. The nineth slip is a juncture which joined fore-and-aft slips,and theslips from nineth to fourteenth should not be an independent article. Tian Di in the slips from nineth to fourteenth is Zi(字), and the Tao of sentence that Tao is also its Zi is Tian Tao formed by Tian and Di whose feature is a abstractuniversality law about Gui Ruo(贵弱). The Qing Hun(青昏)in sentence Qing Hun Qi Ming(青昏其名)is a name ofTian and Di, but the word Qing Hun in Tuo Qi Ming(讬 其 名) is used in abstract meaning which is a rule of notself-appearance, an is a fulfillment of Gui Ruo. Sentence Tian Di Ming Zi Bing Li(天 地 名 字 并 立) says thecoexistence of Tian and di, it is to emphasize that Tian and Di formed a new rule named Tian Tao which ismanifested by high and low situation. According to the words man of honor and saint in these slips, the end-resultthought of Tai Yi Sheng Shui is to establish a law of humans, then the bamboo slips should be a literature of HuangLao scholar, and it has implied political philosophy tendency.

关 键 词：《太一生水》 太一 水 天地名字 青昏其名 

分 类 号：B223[哲学宗教—中国哲学]