刑事证据规则的漏洞填补研究  

On the Loophole Filling of Criminal Evidence Rules

作　　者：纵博[1] Zong Bo(the Law School of Anhui University)

机构地区：[1]安徽财经大学法学院

出　　处：《国家检察官学院学报》2021年第3期143-160,共18页Journal of National Prosecutors College

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“人工智能在刑事证据判断中的运用及其界限研究”(18BFX079);安徽省2019年度高校优秀青年人才支持计划重点项目(gxyqZD2019029)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：刑事证据规则的漏洞在识别、类型和填补界限方面与程序性规则有所不同,因此对刑事证据规则的漏洞填补问题有专门研究的必要.在排除了因不违反立法者主观意图和规则的客观目的而并非漏洞的情形后,刑事证据规则的漏洞类型主要包括规范漏洞、规整漏洞、隐藏的漏洞、文义过窄的漏洞,要分别采取规范结构补充、类推适用、目的性限缩、目的性扩张等方法进行填补.但刑事证据规则领域不应存在所谓的"法漏洞"或"领域漏洞".对刑事证据规则的漏洞填补不得有碍准确认定事实;不得损害被告人各项权利或在法律之外增加被告人的义务;如果漏洞的存在使刑事证据规则无法实现其规范目的,则应当进行漏洞填补,但如果漏洞不会导致其规范目的无法实现可以不进行填补.The loopholes of criminal evidence rules are different from procedural rules in identification,types and filling boundaries,so it is necessary to study the loopholes filling of criminal evidence rules.The loopholes of criminal evidence rules mainly include normative loopholes,regulation loopholes,hidden loopholes and loopholes with too narrow meaning,which should be filled by the methods of normative structure supplement,category application,purposeful restriction,purposeful expansion,etc.However,there should be no so-called“legal loopholes”or“field loopholes”in the field of criminal evidence rules.The filling of loopholes in criminal evidence rules shall not hinder the accurate determination of facts;the filling of loopholes shall not damage the rights of criminal suspects and defendants or increase their obligations outside the law;if the loopholes make the criminal evidence rules unable to achieve its normative purpose,loopholes shall be filled,but if the loopholes do not cause the purpose can’t be realized,the loopholes don’t need filling.

关 键 词：刑事证据规则 法律适用 漏洞填补 

分 类 号：D915.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]