板材单曲面激光弯曲成形的误差补偿研究  

Study on Error Compensation for Laser Bending of Single-Curved Surface

作　　者：顾杰岩 闫崇京[1] 张翅超 沈子康 Gu Jieyan;Yan Chongjing;Zhang Chichao;Shen Zikang(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机电学院,江苏南京210016

出　　处：《中国激光》2021年第10期66-77,共12页Chinese Journal of Lasers

摘　　要：为了提高单曲面激光弯曲成形的精度,基于改进的Denavit-Hatenberg(D-H)建模方法建立各板材弯曲段的坐标系,通过坐标转换给出弯曲板材和目标单曲面在同一坐标系下的数学描述。接着分析圆柱面成形在不同扫描路径处弯曲角度公差的几何影响因素,并提出具有双侧轮廓度偏差的路径规划方法,扫描路径数量越多,各道扫描路径处的弯曲角度公差越小。最后提出一种对弯曲角度误差进行补偿的工艺方法,以半正弦曲面成形为例设计实验。实验结果表明,弯曲角度的误差补偿方法能够实现较高精度的单曲面激光弯曲成形。Objective Precision achievable by laser bending is a critical factor affecting its practical application.It is difficult to control the accuracy of the bending angle at a high level due to the influence of factors,such as the geometric size and initial state of a sheet and the process parameters,even for linear scanning of a single scanning path.To achieve high-precision single-curved laser bending,not only the error of the bending angle at the single scanning path should be considered but also other factors that will affect the accuracy of bending,so as to devise a strategy to improve bending accuracy.In this research,we improve the scanning path planning method and propose a method to compensate for the error of the laser-bending angle.Each time the bend at a scanning path is completed,the bending angle at the next scanning path is redetermined to compensate for the bending angle error in the previous scanning path.This method allows a large tolerance for the bending angle at each scanning path,which reduces the process requirements.The proposed method will help realize the high-precision of 3D laser bending and the further practical application of laser bending.Methods First,using the improved Denavit-Hatenberg(D-H)modeling method in robotics,the coordinate system of each bending section of a sheet is established,and the mathematical description of the curved sheet and target single surface in the same coordinate system is obtained by coordinate transformation.Therefore,the problem of sheet bending error is transformed into a problem of deviation of the segment to be bent from the target surface.Then,based on the D-H modeling method,the geometric influence factors of the bending angle tolerance at different scanning paths of cylindrical surface forming as well as the degree to which these factors affect the forming accuracy are analyzed.Afterward,based on the fact that a bending section completed first will not affect the forming error of a bending section completed later,a compensation method for the bending

关 键 词：激光技术 激光弯曲成形 单曲面 误差补偿 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]