电动公交区域调度计划与有序充电策略研究  

Research on Regional Dispatching Plan and Coordinated Charging Strategy of Electric Bus

作　　者：蔡子龙[1] 束洪春[1] 杨博[1] 单节杉[1] CAI Zilong;SHU Hongchun;YANG Bo;SHAN Jieshan(Faculty of Electric Power Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,Yunnan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南省昆明市650500

出　　处：《电网技术》2021年第6期2246-2255,共10页Power System Technology

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划(202002AF080001);国家自然科学基金项目(51977102,61963020)。

摘　　要：电动公交经济运行需要兼顾交通和电网2个利益主体,一方面要用最少的车辆数完成所有车次任务,另一方面要响应电网分时电价机制,减少充电成本和平抑负荷波动。首先基于时空网络建立区域调度计划的集分割模型及其分支定价求解算法,求解出最优车次链。在此基础上,分别以充电成本最低、白天和夜间充电负荷波动最小为优化目标,以满足充电需求、充电过程连续等为约束条件建立最优车次链的2种有序充电策略模型。最后以一个3车场3线路电动公交区域调度计划和充电策略的制定为例对模型进行验证,结果表明所建模型具有使用的车辆数最少、充电费用低、充电负荷波动小和便于应对异常情况等优点,对公交公司制定行车计划和充电计划具有重要参考价值。The economic operation of electric public transportation needs to take into account the two stakeholders of transportation and power grid.On the one hand,it is necessary to use the least number of vehicles to complete all vehicle tasks.On the other hand,it should respond to the power grid Time-of-Use(TOU)pricing mechanism,so as to reduce charging costs and suppress load fluctuations.Firstly,the set partition model and branch pricing algorithm of regional scheduling plan are established based on space-time network,and the optimal vehicle chain is solved.On this basis,taking the minimum charging cost and the minimum fluctuation of charging load during the day and night as the optimization objectives,and satisfying the charging demand and charging process continuity as the constraints,two kinds of coordinated charging strategy models of the optimal vehicle chain are established.Finally,a 3-depot-3-line electric bus regional scheduling plan and charging strategy are taken as an example to verify the model.The results show that the model has the advantages of the least number of vehicles used,low charging cost,small fluctuation of charging load,and easy to deal with abnormal situations.It has important reference value for bus companies to formulate traffic plans and charging plans.

关 键 词：电动公交 行车计划 分时电价 时空网络 分支定价算法 列生成算法 车次链 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]