不同施氮量对构树产量、营养成分及氮肥利用率的影响  

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on yield,nutrients and nitrogen utilization efficiency in Broussonetia papyrifera

作　　者：陈谭星 高正龙 曹力凡 颜慧萍 孟庆法[2] 吕文竹 蒋兵兵 王品胜 CHEN Tan-xing;GAO Zheng-long;CAO Li-fan;YAN Hui-ping;MENG Qing-fa;LüWen-zhu;JIANG Bing-bing;WANG Pin-sheng

机构地区：[1]河南省高新技术实业有限公司,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省科学院地理研究所,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《饲料研究》2021年第10期93-97,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：河南省科学院重大科研项目聚焦专项(项目编号:190114002)。

摘　　要：为明确施氮量及施肥方式对构树的生长发育和养分吸收利用的影响,以杂交构树"科构101"为试验材料,分析3种施氮量及2种施肥方式(共6个处理,T1~T6)对杂交构树产量、营养成分及氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明,一定范围内增施氮肥可以促进构树产量、枝叶比重、株高及分枝数量的增加。一次性施肥处理,产量、枝叶比重、株高及分数量均大于分期施肥,T1~T6处理组的产量比对照组(CK)组显著提升18.26%~51.51%(P<0.05)。施氮量与全株粗蛋白(CP)、总黄酮(TF)、木质素(ADL)比例成反比,与全株中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)比例成正比,一次性施肥处理的全株CP比例低于分期施肥,全株NDF、ADF及粗灰分(CA)比例均大于分期施肥。随氮肥用量增加,氮肥偏生产力(NPFP)及氮肥吸收利用率(NFUE)持续降低,氮肥农学效率(NAE)先增加后降低。低氮(33.8 kg/667 m^(2)尿素,含N46%)水平下,一次性施肥比分期施肥NFUE高,一次性施肥所有处理的NAE、氮肥对产量贡献率(FCR)、NPFP均比分期施肥高。研究表明,在兰考黏土地上种植杂交构树,一次性施肥43.8 kg/667 m^(2)尿素(含N 46%)、16.3 kg/667 m^(2)重过磷酸钙(含P_(2)O_(5)≥46%)、15 kg/667 m^(2)硫酸钾(含K_(2)O≥50%),可以达到节省人力、促进构树生长及氮素积累的目的。In order to clarify the effect of nitrogen application rate and fertilization methods on growth and nutrient absorption and utilization of Broussonetia papyrifera,the hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera"Kegu 101"was used as the test material to analyze three nitrogen application rates and two fertilization methods,totaling six treatments(T1~T6)influence on the yield,nutrient composition and nitrogen absorption and utilization of hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera.The results showed that increasing nitrogen fertilizer application within a certain range can promote the increase of Broussonetia papyrifera yield,branch and leaf proportion,plant height and branch number.The yield,branch and leaf proportion,plant height and branch number of one-time fertilization treatment were all greater than that of phase fertilization.Compared with CK,the yield of T1~T6 treatment was significantly different(P<0.05),and the yield increased by 18.26%~51.51%.Nitrogen application rate was inversely proportional to the ratio of CP,TF,and ADL of the whole plant,and directly proportional to the ratio of NDF,ADF of the whole plant.The proportion of CP in whole plant of one-time fertilization was lower than that of staged fertilization,and the proportion of NDF,ADF and CA in whole plant were higher than that of staged fertilization.With the increase in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer,the NPFP and the NFUE continued to decrease,and the NAE first increased and then decreased.Under low nitrogen(33.8 kg/667 m^(2) urea,containing N 46%),the NFUE of one-time fertilization was higher than that of staged fertilization.The NAE,FCR and NPFP in all treatments of one-time fertilization were higher than that of staged fertilization.In short,planting hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera in the clay soil of Lankao with:one-time fertilization of 43.8 kg/667 m^(2) urea(containing 46%N),16.3 kg/667 m^(2) heavy superphosphate(containing P_(2)O_(5)≥46%),15 kg/667 m^(2) potassium sulfate(containing K_(2)O≥50%)can save manpower,promote the growth of Broussonetia papyrife

关 键 词：构树 施氮量 氮肥利用率 营养成分 

分 类 号：S548[农业科学—作物学]