农村学龄前儿童留守状况、视屏时间与自闭症行为的关系  

The relationship between left-behind status,screen time and behavior of autism in preschool children of rural area

作　　者：陈欣 刘海霞 玄坤 赵天明 屈光波 吴贻乐 张健 孙业桓[1] Chen Xin;Liu Haixia;Xuan Kun;Zhao Tianming;Qu Guangbo;Wu Yile;Zhang Jian;Sun Yehuan(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China;Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230601,China;Department of Neonatology,Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230051,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,合肥230032 [2]安徽医科大学第二附属医院院感科,合肥230601 [3]安徽医科大学附属省儿童医院新生儿科,合肥230051

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2021年第6期546-553,共8页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81872704)。

摘　　要：目的探讨农村学龄前儿童的留守状况、视屏时间和自闭症行为的关联。方法本研究采用横断面研究方法,以安徽省26所农村幼儿园3636名3~6岁学龄前儿童作为研究对象做问卷调查。问卷调查内容包括:基本情况调查表、自编留守状况调查表、自编视屏时间调查表、克兰西自闭症行为调查量表。使用EpiData 3.2和SPSS 23.0软件进行数据录入和统计分析。采用卡方检验分析自闭症行为阳性率的差异,采用Logistic回归分析进一步探讨农村学龄前儿童的留守状态、视屏时间(screen time,ST)和自闭症行为之间的关系。结果与非留守儿童相比,留守儿童的自闭症行为风险总体增加36%;与视屏时间≤1 h/d的儿童相比,1 h/d<ST≤2 h/d儿童的自闭症行为风险增加40%,ST>2 h/d儿童的自闭症行为风险增加85%;与ST≤1 h/d的非留守儿童相比,1 h/d<ST≤2 h/d留守儿童的自闭症行为风险增加了97%,ST>2 h/d留守儿童的自闭症行为风险增加了159%。结论留守状态与每日视屏时间过度均可增加农村学龄前儿童自闭症行为风险;两者共同作用时,该风险效应进一步增强。为降低农村学龄前儿童自闭症行为风险,非留守儿童应将其每日视屏时间控制在2 h以内,留守儿童控制在1 h以内。Objective To explore the association between left-behind status,screen time(ST)and behavior of autism in rural preschool children.Methods Cross section study was used in this study.A sample of 3636 rural preschool children aged from 3 to 6 years old in 26 kindergartens were selected from four counties in Anhui province of China.The contents of the questionnaire include:basic information questionnaire,self-made left behind status questionnaire,self-made screen time questionnaire,Clancy autism behavior scale.EpiData 3.2 and SPSS 23.0 software were used for data entry and statistical analysis.Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference of positive rate of autism behavior.Logistic regression analysis was used to further explore the relationship between left-behind status,screen time and autism behavior of rural preschool children.Results Compared with non-left-behind children(NLBC),the risk of autism behavior for left-behind children(LBC)increased 36%.The risk of autism behavior increased by 40%for 1 h/d<ST≤2 h/d and 85%for ST>2 h/d when compared with ST≤1 h/d.While comparing to NLBC with ST≤1 h/d,the risk of autism behavior increased by 97%in LBC with 1 h/d<ST≤2 h/d and 159%in LBC with ST>2 h/d.Conclusions There is an additive effect on the risk of autism behavior when left-behind experience and excessive ST combined together.The daily ST should be strictly controlled within 2 h/d for NLBC,and within 1 h/d for LBC in order to reduce the risk of autism behavior in preschool children of rural areas.

关 键 词：自闭症行为 视屏时间 留守儿童 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]