微生物代谢产物在肠-脑轴中作用机制研究进展  

RESEARCH ADVANCES IN THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF MICROBIAL METABOLITES IN THE GUT-BRAIN AXIS

作　　者：石媛嫄 侯琳[2] 张丽[3] 曹奕[2] SHI Yuanyuan;HOU Lin;ZHANG Li;CAO Yi(Organization and Personnel Office,Medical Department of Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学医学部组织人事办公室,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛大学生物医学实验中心,山东青岛266071 [3]青岛大学药学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《青岛大学学报（医学版）》2021年第3期470-474,共5页Journal of Qingdao University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GSF107025)。

摘　　要：肠道微生物群具有丰富的生物转化能力,从而使宿主能接触到一系列具有生物活性的代谢产物。这些代谢产物参与了胃肠道和中枢神经系统之间的信号传递,并具有调节中枢神经系统生理和病理过程的潜力。这种双向交流可以通过各种直接和间接机制发生,包括与宿主脑中的受体结合、刺激肠道中的迷走神经、改变中枢神经传递以及调节神经炎症。本文综述了短链脂肪酸、胆汁酸、神经递质等微生物代谢产物在肠-脑轴中的作用机制,从调控肠道微生物的角度为相关神经系统疾病的治疗提供新思路。Intestinal microflora has rich biotransformation abilities,which enables the host to come into contact with a series of bioactive metabolites.Such metabolites participate in the signal transduction between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system and have the potential to regulate the physiological and pathological processes of the central nervous system.Such two-way communication can take place through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms,which include binding to receptors in the host brain,stimulating the vagus nerve in the intestinal tract,altering central neurotransmission,and regulating neuroinflammation.This article reviews the mechanism of action of microbial metabolites,including short-chain fatty acids,bile acids,and neurotransmitters,in the gut-brain axis,in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of nervous system diseases from the perspective of the regulation of intestinal microflora.

关 键 词：微生物群 代谢 肠-脑轴 脂肪酸类 胆汁酸类和盐类 神经递质 综述 

分 类 号：R329.35[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]