3~12岁儿童晶状体屈光力变化趋势及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of lens power and its influencing factors in children aged 3-12 years

作　　者：向棹宇 林秋蓉[2] 许琰 强俊[1] 钱昱 邹海东[1,2] Xiang Zhaoyu;Lin Qiurong;Xu Yan;Qiang Jun;Qian Yu;Zou Haidong(Department of Preventive Ophthalmology,Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center,Shanghai Eye Hospital,Shanghai 200040,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200080,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市眼病防治中心,上海市眼科医院,200040 [2]上海交通大学附属第一人民医院眼科,200080

出　　处：《中华实验眼科杂志》2021年第6期550-556,共7页Chinese Journal Of Experimental Ophthalmology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82071012);上海申康医院发展中心项目(SHDC2020CR30538、SHDC2018110);上海市眼科疾病精准诊疗工程技术研究中心项目(19DZ2250100);上海市科委项目(20DZ1100200);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0904800、2019YFC0840607);国家科技重大专项资助项目(2017ZX09304010)。

摘　　要：目的了解上海市静安区3~12岁儿童晶状体屈光力(LP)的变化趋势及其影响因素。方法采用横断面研究方法,收集2019年10月至2020年1月在上海市眼病防治中心视光科门诊就诊的3~12岁儿童131人131眼。分别使用质量分数1%硫酸阿托品眼膏对≤6岁和0.5%托吡卡胺滴眼液对>6岁的受检者进行扩瞳。采用光学生物测量仪测量眼轴长度(AL)、平均角膜曲率(Km)、中央前房深度(ACD)、晶状体厚度(LT)和中央角膜厚度(CCT)。采用电脑验光仪和综合验光仪测量平均等效球镜度(SE)和平均最佳矫正视力,采用Bennett公式计算LP。根据年龄不同将受检者分为3~4岁组16眼、5~6岁组20眼、7~8岁组25眼、9~10岁组33眼和11~12岁组37眼;根据性别不同将受检者分为男性组57眼和女性组74眼;根据SE不同将受检者分为低度近视组38眼、中度近视组12眼、高度近视组25眼、正视组11眼、低度远视组9眼、中度远视组13眼和高度远视组23眼。比较不同年龄组、不同性别组、不同屈光度组眼部生物学参数测量值的差异。年龄及眼部屈光参数与LP的相关性采用Pearson线性相关分析。多个影响因素对LP的贡献分析采用逐步回归法建立多重线性回归模型。结果3~4岁组、5~6岁组、7~8岁组、9~10岁组和11~12岁组儿童的平均LP分别为(27.35±1.88)、(24.71±1.92)、(22.92±1.87)、(21.49±1.54)和(21.25±1.55)D,随着年龄的增加,LP值逐渐降低,3~4岁组与5~6岁组、5~6岁组与7~8岁组、7~8岁组与9~10岁组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。女性儿童的平均LP值高于男性儿童,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.38,P<0.01)。高度近视组LP值低于正视组,中度近视、低度近视组LP值均低于远视组,低度远视组、中度远视组LP值均高于正视组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。受检者的年龄、AL、ACD、CCT与LP均呈负相关(r=-0.76、-0.79、-0.38、-0.18,均P<0.05),SE、LT与LP均呈正相关(r=0.62,P<0.05;r=0.68Objective To understand the changing trend and influencing factors of lens power(LP)in children aged 3-12 in Jing'an District,Shanghai.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted.One hundred and thirty-one eyes of 131 patients with refractive errors were included in the Optometry Clinic of Shanghai Eye Hospital from October 2019 to January 2020.The 1%atropine sulfate was employed to dilate pupils for children aged 6 years or younger,and 0.5%topiramate for children older than 6 years.The axial length,mean keratometry(Km),anterior chamber depth(ACD),lens thickness(LT)and central corneal thickness(CCT)were measured using an IOL Master.The spherical equivalent(SE)and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)were measured after cycloplegia using autorefractor and phoropter,and the LP was calculated using the Bennett formula.The patients were divided into different age groups,including 3-4 years group(16 eyes),5-6 years group(20 eyes),7-8 years group(25 eyes),9-10 years group(33 eyes)and 11-12 years group(37 eyes).There were 57 eyes in the male group and 74 eyes in the female group.The patients were also divided into different refractive groups,including mild myopia group(38 eyes),moderate myopia group(12 eyes),high myopia group(25 eyes),emmetropia group(11 eyes),mild hyperopia group(9 eyes),moderate hyperopia group(13 eyes),and high hyperopia group(23 eyes).The differences in ocular biological parameter measurements between different age groups,different gender groups and different refractive groups were compared and the correlations between age,eye parameters and LP were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis.The contribution of multiple influencing factors to LP was analyzed by multiple linear regression models.The study protocol followed the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by an Ethics Committee of Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University Hospital(No.2020KY018).Written informed consent was obtained from each guardian of the subject.Results The average LP of children in the 3-4 years group,5-

关 键 词：晶状体屈光力 儿童 屈光不正 年龄 性别 

分 类 号：R778.2[医药卫生—眼科]