野生与养殖中华鳖体内重金属蓄积特征及安全评价  

Accumulation Characteristics and Safety Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Wild and Cultured Soft-shell Turtle Trionyx sinensis

作　　者：程小飞[1] 袁希平[1] 向劲[1,2] 李传武 吴浩[1] 田兴 李鸿 宋锐 CHENG Xiaofei;YUAN Xiping;XIANG Jin;LI Chuanwu;WU Hao;TIAN Xing;LI Hong;SONG Rui(Hunan Fisheries Science Institute,Changsha 410153,China;Aquatic Products Seed Stock Station in Hunan Province,Changsha 410153,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省水产科学研究所,湖南长沙410153 [2]湖南省水产原种场,湖南长沙410153

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2021年第2期51-55,共5页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：湖南省科技重大专项(2017NK1030);现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-45-47).

摘　　要：自资江湖南邵阳段采捕体质量500~700 g的野生中华鳖Trionyx sinensis 3只,自湖南省水产原种场取养殖的体质量400~600 g中华鳖3只,测定其肌肉、肝脏、脂肪块和背甲中Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb的含量,比较野生与养殖中华鳖体内重金属的富集特征及食用安全性。结果表明:(1)养殖中华鳖各组织对Cu的蓄积表现为肝脏>肌肉>背甲>脂肪块,对Zn的蓄积表现为背甲>肝脏>肌肉>脂肪块,对Cd的蓄积表现为肌肉>肝脏>背甲>脂肪块,对Pb的蓄积表现为背甲>肝脏>脂肪块>肌肉;野生中华鳖各组织对Cu和Zn的蓄积规律与养殖中华鳖相同,对Cd的蓄积表现为肝脏>背甲>脂肪块>肌肉,对Pb的蓄积表现为背甲>脂肪块>肝脏>肌肉;(2)均值污染指数(PI)由大到小排序为背甲(野生)>肝脏(野生)>背甲(养殖)>肝脏(养殖)>肌肉(养殖)>肌肉(野生)>脂肪块(野生)>脂肪块(养殖)。综上,资江湖南邵阳段野生中华鳖与养殖中华鳖的肌肉及脂肪中Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb含量均远低于国家限量标准,食品安全性好。The contents of Cu,Zn,Cd,and Pb were determined in muscle,liver,fat mass,and shell of wild soft-shell turtle(Trionyx sinensis)with body weights of 500~700 g sampled from the Shaoyang section of Hunan provinces in Zi River and cultured soft-shell turtle with body weight of 400~600 g collected from Aquatic Products Seed Stock Station in Hunan Province in order to investigate the accumulative characteristics and food safety of heavy metals in wild and cultured soft-shell turtle.The results showed that in the cultured soft-shell turtle the accumulation of Cu was characterized by liver>muscle>shell>fat;the accumulation of Zn was expressed as shell>liver>muscle>fat;the accumulation of Cd was expressed as muscle>liver>shell>fat.The accumulation of Pb was expressed as shell>liver>fat>muscle.The accumulation characteristics of Cu and Zn in the wild soft-shell turtle was as the same as that in the cultured.The accumulation of Cd in the wild soft-shell turtle was expressed as liver>shell>fat>muscle;the wild soft-shell turtle had accumulation of Pb as shell>fat>liver>muscle.The comprehensive pollution index(PI)of different tissues in wild and cultured soft-shell turtle were ranked as shell(wild)>liver(wild)>shell(cultured)>liver(cultured)>muscle(cultured)>muscle(wild)>fat(wild)>fat(cultured).In summary,the muscle and fat of wild and cultured soft-shell turtle have no potential risk for consumers due to the far lower contents of Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb than the Chinese national food safety standards.

关 键 词：中华鳖 重金属元素 富集特征 养殖 野生 安全性评价 

分 类 号：S966.5[农业科学—水产养殖]