气象不确定下的船舶避台路径优化  

Route optimization of ship avoiding typhoon under meteorological uncertainty

作　　者：王军 朱芍颐 王冠卓 王美蓉 WANG Jun;ZHU Shao-yi;WANG Guan-zhuo;WANG Mei-rong(School of Transportation Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学交通运输工程学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《大连海事大学学报》2021年第2期56-62,70,共8页Journal of Dalian Maritime University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(13BGJ045)。

摘　　要：为减小船舶在海上航行时遭遇台风的高风险,设计了兼顾全局与局部规划的避台路径优化方案,运用A^(*)算法与人工势场法(APF)并加以改进,分别应用于全局规划与局部规划中.在A^(*)算法的代价函数中加入了来自燃油消耗与安全性带来的影响,并采用路径更贴近实际航路的24邻域节点扩展法;另外,解决了APF中局部极小值与不可达的问题,并引入了信息熵的概念来解决气象因素不确定的问题.测试结果表明,该方法在船舶即将遭受台风影响且台风预报存在不确定性情况下,可以设计一条合理的避台路径.该避台路径优化方法在安全性的基础上兼具经济性与稳定性,能够为船舶安全航行避障提供新的方法.In order to reduce the high risk of typhoon when ships sailing on the sea, an optimization scheme of typhoon avoidance path was designed, which took into account both global and local planning. A^(*) algorithm and artificial potential field method(APF) were improved and applied to global planning and local planning respectively. In the cost function of A^(*) algorithm, the influence originated from fuel consumption and safety was added, and the 24 neighborhood node expansion method which was closer to the actual route was adopted. In addition, the problem of local minimum and unreachable in APF was solved, and the concept of information entropy was introduced to solve the problem of uncertain meteorological factors. The test results show that the proposed method can design a reasonable path to avoid typhoon when the ship will be affected by typhoon and the inaccurate typhoon forecast. The route optimization method is economical and stable on the basis of safety, which can provide a new method for safe navigation and obstacle avoidance.

关 键 词：航海技术 船舶避台 路径规划 全局规划 局部规划 A^(*)算法 人工势场(APF) 

分 类 号：U666.135[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]