不同切割长度全珠小麦青贮营养价值及其对肉牛的饲养评估  

Nutritional value of whole wheat crop silage of different cut lengths and its feeding evaluation for beef cattle

作　　者：王海英[1] WANG Haiying(Puyang Vocational and Technical College,Puyang,Henan Province 457000,China)

机构地区：[1]濮阳职业技术学院,河南濮阳457000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2021年第12期25-28,共4页China Feed

摘　　要：本研究旨在评估不同切割长度全珠小麦青贮营养价值及其对肉牛采食量、瘤胃发酵及养分表观消化率的影响。试验将收割的全珠小麦分别切割成10、15和20 cm,然后在发酵罐中密封青贮14周,发酵成品用于评估青贮营养价值。之后选择平均初始体重为(364.87±6.28)kg的36头肉牛用于开展饲养试验,分为3组,T1、T2、T3分别代表10、15和20 cm 3种切割高度的青贮全珠小麦,其在全混合日粮中的添加水平均为60%,试验期持续4周。结果:T3组青贮全珠小麦粗脂肪含量较T1和T2组分别显著提高10.98%和8.01%(P<0.05),而T1组青贮全珠小麦中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量显著高于T3组(P<0.05)。T2和T3组青贮全珠小麦好氧稳定性、pH及乙酸浓度均显著高于T1组(P<0.05),但T1组乳酸浓度显著高于T2和T3组(P<0.05)。T3组肉牛瘤胃pH最高(P<0.05),同时,T2和T3组肉牛瘤胃乙酸、异丁酸、异戊酸浓度显著高于T1组(P<0.05)。T1组肉牛瘤胃氨氮和挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著高于T3组(P<0.05),而乙酸与丙酸比较显著高于T2和T3组(P<0.05)。T3组肉牛干物质、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著高于T1和T2组(P<0.05)。但T1组肉牛酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率较T2组和T3组分别显著提高9.23%和9.99%(P<0.05)。结论:全珠小麦切割长度为20 cm时可以改善其青贮后的好氧稳定性、粗脂肪和乙酸浓度,与其他2种切割长度的全株小麦青贮相比,20 cm全珠小麦青贮可提高肉牛干物质、粗脂肪和中性洗涤纤维表观消化率。The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional value of whole beached wheat silage with different cut lengths and its effects on feed intake,rumen fermentation and nutrient apparent digestibility of beef cattle.The harvested whole beadle wheat was cut into 10,15 and 20 cm,respectively,and then silage was sealed in a fermenting tank for 14 weeks.The fermentation products were used to evaluate the nutritional value of the silage.Then,36 heads with an average initial body weight of(364.87±6.28)kg were selected for the feeding experiment and divided into 3 groups,T1,T2 and T3 represented silage whole crop wheat silage with cutting heights of 10,15 and 20 cm,respectively,and the supplemental level of silage whole bead wheat in the total mixed diet was 60%.The experiment lasted for 4 weeks.RESULTS:Compared with T1 and T2 groups,the crude lipid content of whole bead wheat silage in T3 group was significantly increased by 10.98%and 8.01%(P<0.05),respectively,while the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents of whole bead wheat silage in T1 group were significantly higher than those in T3 group(P<0.05).The aerobic stability,pH value and acetic acid concentration of silage wheat in T2 and T3 groups were significantly higher than those in T1 group(P<0.05),but the lactic acid concentration in T1 group was significantly higher than that in T2 and T3 groups(P<0.05).Rumen pH value of beef cattle in T3 group was the highest(P<0.05),and the concentrations of acetic acid,isobutyric acid and iso-valerate in rumen of beef cattle in T2 and T3 groups were significantly higher than those in T1 group(P<0.05).Rumen ammonia nitrogen and volatile fatty acid concentrations in T1 group were significantly higher than those in T3 group(P<0.05),and acetic acid and propionic acid were significantly higher than those in T2 and T3 groups(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of dry matter,ether extract and neutral detergent fiber of beef cattle in T3 group was significantly higher than that in T1 and T2 groups(P<0.05).Ho

关 键 词：切割长度 青贮 全珠大麦 营养价值 肉牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]