青枣园行间种植2种冷季型牧草的效益分析  

Benefit Analysis of Planting Two Cold-season Forages in Green Jujube Orchard

作　　者：张德[1,2] 龙会英 曾丽萍[3] ZHANG De;LONG Huiying;ZENG Liping(Tropical Eco-agriculture Research Institute,YAAS,Yuanmou,Yunnan 651300,China;Yuanmou Dry-Hot Valley Botancal Garden,Yuanmou,Yunnan 651300,China;Honghe University,Mengzi,Yunnan 661199,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,云南元谋651300 [2]元谋干热河谷植物园,云南元谋651300 [3]红河学院理学院,云南蒙自651199

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2021年第6期23-26,共4页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：云南省科学技术厅云南省技术创新人才培养项目(No.2011CI066);彝乡产业技术领军人才项目(No.楚发改人事(2020)168号);云南省农科院热区生态农业研究所重点科技项目(No.RQS2006-1)。

摘　　要：为比较青枣单种和青枣行间种植2种牧草的效益,在种植当年的青枣园行间,种植黑麦草和紫花苜蓿,设置青枣单种、青枣+黑麦草、青枣+紫花苜蓿、青枣+黑麦草/紫花苜蓿4个种植模式,观测研究4个种植模式单位面积的经济效益。结果表明:青枣+紫花苜蓿和青枣+紫花苜蓿/黑麦草种植模式下,牧草产量和经济效益显著高于青枣+黑麦草种植模式(p<0.05);青枣+紫花苜蓿、青枣+紫花苜蓿/黑麦草种植模式牧草产量分别比青枣+黑麦草种植模式高8373.60、9280.55 kg/hm^(2),分别增加效益20934.00、23201.50元/hm^(2),其中效益增幅为93.73%和103.88%。青枣+黑麦草、青枣+紫花苜蓿、青枣+紫花苜蓿/黑麦草的效益分别比青枣单种高22335.25、43269.25和45536.75元/hm^(2),且每公顷可节约80~94个人工,节约除杂费8000~9400元。本研究为区域果园间种牧草提供技术支撑和理论依据。Lolium perenne(LP)and Medicago sativa(MS)were planted between rows in the green jujube(Zizyphus mauritiana,ZM)orchard established in the first year.Four planting patterns were arranged,including ZM monoculture,ZM+LP,ZM+MS,ZM+LP/MS.The per unit area benefits of the four planting patterns were calculated and analyzed.The analysis showed that the patterns ZM+MS and ZM+MS/LP gave significantly higher forage yield and economic benefits(p<0.05)than the patterns ZM+ZP.The pattern ZM+MS,ZM+MS/LP produced higher forage yield than the patterns ZM+LP,increasing by 8373.60 and 9280.55 kg·ha^(-1),respectively,the increased benefit is 20934.00 and 23201.50 yuan·hm^(-2),and the benefit growth rate was 93.73%and 103.88%.Compared with the monoculture of ZM,the patterns ZM+LP,ZM+MS and ZM+MS/LP increased their benefits per hectare by RMB 22335.25、43269.25 and 45536.75 yuan,respectively,and saved labor by 80-94 working days per ha and cost of weeding 8000-9400 yuan per hectare.This experiment might provide technical support and theoretical basis for interplanting forages in regional orchards.

关 键 词：干热河谷 青枣 种植 牧草 效益 

分 类 号：S753.536[农业科学—森林经理学]