唐山地区医疗放射人员外周血淋巴细胞畸变影响因素分析  

Analysis on influencing factors of peripheral blood lymphocyte aberration in medical radiation workers in Tangshan region

作　　者：商秀丽[1] 赵阳 张伟 赵俊鹏[1] 赵庆鑫 袁立敏 SHANG Xiu-li;ZHAO Yang;ZHANG Wei;ZHAO Jun-peng;ZHAO Qing-xin;YUAN Li-min(Tangshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hebei 063000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]唐山市疾病预防控制中心,河北063000 [2]华北理工大学 [3]唐山市路北区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2021年第7期696-699,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：河北省2018年度医学科学研究重点课题计划(20181383)。

摘　　要：目的探索唐山地区医疗放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞畸变的危险因素。方法利用医疗放射人员外周血淋巴细胞培养及盲法涂片的实验方法及Logistic回归模型等统计学方法,对549例医疗放射工作人员开展外周血淋巴细胞畸变的影响因素分析。结果 549例医疗放射人员中,淋巴细胞畸变阳性例数为54例,阳性率9.84%。其中0~9年、10~19年、20~29年、30年以上工龄组阳性率分别为5.52%、13.89%、14.61%、20.45%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.422,P=0.010);常规放射岗(诊断、牙科、放疗岗)及特殊放射岗(核医学、介入放射岗)阳性率分别为5.68%、21.53%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=30.087,P<0.01);家族史组、非家族史组阳性率分别为50.00%、0.37%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=49.783,P<0.01)。单因素Logistic回归分析显示,工龄因素(10~19年、20~29年、30年以上)为危险因素(OR=2.761、2.928、4.402,P<0.05);岗位因素为危险因素(OR=4.556,P<0.05);家族史因素为危险因素(OR=9.481,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示工龄因素(20~29年、30年以上)为危险因素(OR=2.646、3.987,P<0.05);岗位因素为危险因素(OR=4.407,P<0.05)。结论长期接触低剂量电离辐射及核医学、介入放射岗位的医疗放射人员外周血淋巴细胞畸变阳性率高于其他医疗放射人员,需进一步加强医疗放射人群的职业健康防护。Objective To explore the risk factors of peripheral blood lymphocyte aberration in medical radiation workers in Tangshan region.Methods The experimental methods for peripheral blood lymphocyte culture and blind smear and the logistic regression model statistical method were used to analyze the influencing factors of peripheral blood lymphocyte aberrations for 549 medical radiation workers.Results In 549 medical radiation workers,there were 54 workers with lymphocyte aberration positive and the positive rate was 9.84%.The positive rate of 0-9 years group,10-19 years group,20-29 years group and above 30 years group were 5.52%,13.89%,14.61%and 20.45%,the differences was statistically significant(χ^(2)=11.422,P=0.010).The positive rates of routine radiation posts(diagnosis,dentistry and radiotherapy posts)and special radiation posts(nuclear medicine,and interventional radiation posts)were 5.68%and 21.53%,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=30.087,P<0.01).The positive rates of family history group and non-family history group were 50.00%and 0.37%respectively,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=49.783,P<0.01).Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the length of service factor(10-19 years,20-29 years and above 30 years)served as the risk factor(OR=2.761,2.928,4.402,P<0.05),position factor was the risk factor(OR=4.556,P<0.05)and family history factor was the risk factor(OR=9.481,P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that length of service factor(20-29 years,above 30 years)was the risk factor(OR=2.646,3.987,P<0.05)and the position factor was the risk factor(OR=4.407,P<0.05).Conclusion The positive rate of peripheral blood lymphocyte aberrations in nuclear medicine and medical radiation workers exposing to low-dose ionizing radiation for a longer time was higher than that of other medical radiation workers.It is necessary to further strengthen the occupational health protection for medical radiation workers.

关 键 词：医疗放射人员 微核 染色体畸变 核医学 介入治疗 危险因素 分析 

分 类 号：R146[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]