今文经学视域下的孔子圣化  

Sanctification of Confucius from the Perspective of New Text Confucianism

作　　者：高瑞杰 Gao Ruijie

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学哲学系,上海200234

出　　处：《孔子研究》2021年第3期98-106,159,共10页Confucius Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“《春秋》三传通史”(项目编号:19ZDA252);中国博士后科学基金面上资助(项目编号:2019M661578)之阶段性成果。

摘　　要：儒家传统理念中圣王的确立以德位兼备为前提。在今文经学视域中,孔子为圣王谱系之"集大成者",为解决孔子有德无位所导致的理论困境,儒者创设孔子素王说以圣化孔子。自汉代董仲舒后,此论与谶纬结合,广为传播。汉人又推阐孔子为汉制法说,一方面为汉家统治提供合法性依据,另一方面又可使王道教化积极匡正现实政治。何休既认可孔子为汉制法,又强调此法贯于百王,使孔子制法兼具现实性与超越性维度,其普适性意涵得以充分彰显。作为制法者的孔子,亦成就其至圣地位,为万世所景仰。In the conventional view of Confucianism, the saint king establishes his legitimacy on condition that he has both virtue and official position. From the perspective of New Text Confucianism, Confucius is the top of saint kings’ tree, and the Confucians established the theory of uncrowned king for Confucius in order to sanctify Confucius and to solve theoretical problem that Confucius had no official position. After Dong Zhongshu of the Han Dynasty, this theory was combined with "Chenwei"( 谶纬) and became more popular. People of the Han Dynasty deduced the fact that Confucius established political system for them. On one hand, they provided legal basis for the Han Dynasty’s political rule;on the other hand, they used king’s education to positively assist realpolitik. He Xiu not only approved of the fact that Confucius established political system for the Han Dynasty, but also stressed that this method could be used in all dynasties. Therefore, Confucius’ system making has both realistic and transcendental dimensions, so that its universality was highlighted. Thus, Confucius, the system maker, gradually became the greatest sage who is respected and admired by people for all ages.

关 键 词：今文经学 孔子 圣化 素王 制法 

分 类 号：B222.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]