跑轮预运动通过抑制纹状体脑区儿茶酚胺类物质丢失改善血管性痴呆大鼠认知功能  

Effects of Pre-exercise Training on Catecholamine Levels in Striatum and Cognition of Rats with Vascular Dementia

作　　者：张琳琳 范永召 顾瑞亭 刘燕中 吴昊 刘一平[1] Zhang Linlin;Fan Yongzhao;Gu Ruiting;Liu Yanzhong;Wu Hao;Liu Yiping(Provincial University Key Laboratory ofSport and Health Science,School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Comprehensive Key Laboratory ofSports Ability Evaluation and Research ofthe General Administration of Sport of China,Beijing Key Laboratory ofSports Function Assessment and Technical Analysis,Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100191,China;Xingzhi Primary School,Zhengzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone,Zhengzhou 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]运动与健康福建省高等学校重点实验室,福建师范大学体育与科学学院,福州350007 [2]国家体育总局运动能力评价与研究综合重点实验室,北京市运动机能评定与技术分析重点实验室,首都体育学院运动与健康学院,北京100191 [3]郑州市经济技术开发区行知小学,郑州450016

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2021年第4期287-293,共7页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFF0300603,2018YFF0300600,2018YFF0300400);福建省自然基金面上项目(2017J01627)。

摘　　要：目的:研究跑轮预运动对血管性痴呆大鼠纹状体脑区儿茶酚胺类物质及神经元的影响,揭示跑轮预运动改善血管性痴呆大鼠认知功能的潜在机制。方法:32只健康3月龄雄性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠随机分为假手术组(C组,n=8)、痴呆组(VD组,n=8)、运动1周痴呆组(1w-Exe+VD组,n=8)、运动4周痴呆组(4w-Exe+VD组,n=8)。1w-Exe+VD和4w-Exe+VD组大鼠分别进行为期1周和4周的跑轮预运动干预,运动结束后,与VD组大鼠一起接受双侧颈总动脉结扎手术来制备血管性痴呆大鼠模型;C组大鼠仅暴露双侧颈总动脉,不进行结扎处理。1周后采用被动回避反射实验评价大鼠的认知功能。接着利用活体微透析技术收集各组大鼠纹状体脑区透析液,并采用高效液相色谱技术对各组大鼠纹状体脑区儿茶酚胺类物质(多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素)的含量进行测定。实验结束后将各组大鼠灌流取脑,进行免疫荧光来观察纹状体脑区神经元数目。结果:(1)被动回避反射实验结果显示:VD组大鼠潜伏期Ⅱ显著低于C组(P<0.001);1w-Exe+VD和4w-Exe+VD组大鼠潜伏期Ⅱ显著高于VD组(P<0.001)。(2)分子水平结果表明:与C组相比,VD组大鼠纹状体脑区多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素含量显著下降(P<0.001);与VD组相比,1w-Exe+VD和4w-Exe+VD组大鼠纹状体脑区多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素含量显著增加(P<0.01)。(3)免疫荧光结果显示:VD组大鼠纹状体脑区神经元数目明显少于C组、1w-Exe+VD组和4w-Exe+VD组。结论:跑轮预运动干预通过抑制血管性痴呆大鼠纹状体脑区儿茶酚胺类物质的丢失和神经元数目的减少,改善其认知功能。Objective To explore the effect of pre-exercise training on the catecholamine level in striatum and cognition of rats with vascular dementia and its underlying neurochemical mechanism. Methods Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into a4-week physical exercise before vascular dementia group(4 w-Exe+VD group,n=8),a 1-week physical exercise before vascular dementia group(1 w-Exe+VD group,n=8),a vascular dementia group(VD group,n=8),and a sham operation group(C group,n=8). After 1-week and 4-week voluntary wheel running respectively,the rats of the 1 w-Exe+VD and 4 w-Exe+VD groups,together with the VD group,received the bilateral common carotid artery operation to induce vascular dementia,while those of group C was only exposed the bilateral common carotid artery,but not given ligature. One week after the modelling,the passive avoidance test was used to test their cognition. Then,the levels of striatal catecholamines including dopamine(DA),noradrenaline(NE) and epinephrine(E) in the microdialysate samples of the striatum were detected using the high performance liquid chromatography. Immunofluorescence was performed to observe the number of the neural cells in striatum. Results Results of the passive avoidance test showed that the latency period Ⅱ of the VD group was significantly lower than group C,while that of the1 w-Exe+VD and 4 w-Exe+VD groups were significantly higher than the VD group(P<0.001). Moreover,the average DA, NE and E levels of group VD decreased significantly compared with the other 3 groups(P<0.01 for all). Immunofluorescence results indicated that the number of striatum cells of the VD group was significantly lower than group C,1 w-Exe+VD and 4 w-Exe+VD. Conclusion The pre-exercise training can improve rats’ cognition after vascular dementia through promoting catecholamine levels in striatum and lowering the number of striatum cells.

关 键 词：跑轮运动 血管性痴呆 纹状体 认知功能 儿茶酚胺 

分 类 号：R749.13[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]