合肥地区2017—2018年麻疹病毒基因型特征分析  

Genotypic analysis of measles virus in Hefei City from 2017 to 2018

作　　者：王海[1] 张文艳[1] 黄颖 WANG Hai;ZHANG Wen-yan;HUANG Ying(Heifei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Anhui 230022,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥市疾病预防控制中心,安徽230022 [2]安徽医科大学第一附属医院

出　　处：《安徽预防医学杂志》2021年第3期192-195,共4页Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：安徽省教育厅质量工程项目(2020jyxm0914)。

摘　　要：目的了解2017—2018年合肥地区麻疹病毒流行株的基因型别特征,为麻疹防控提供依据。方法采集2017—2018年间麻疹病例的咽拭子标本,抽提RNA,采用RT-PCR方法扩增麻疹病毒核蛋白(N)基因的羧基端450个核苷酸,测序结果在Genbank上进行Blast比较并作系统发生树分析,确定其病毒亚型。结果共收集20份咽拭子标本,其中20份(2017年15份,2018年5份)标本成功扩增N基因羧基端序列,序列分析及系统发生树结果显示,17株(2017年12份,2018年5份)为H1a基因型,1株为H1型,1株为D8基因型,1株与疫苗株Shanghai191(U03663)高度同源(同源性>99%)。结论 H1a型仍然是合肥市麻疹流行的优势株,偶尔的输入性病例尚未引起新基因型的流行。合肥市需对疑似麻疹病例加强病原学鉴定,及时发现输入性麻疹病例,避免新基因型引起的暴发与流行。Objective To understand the genotype characteristics of measles virus epidemic strains in Hefei City from 2017 to 2018,and to provide basis for measles prevention and control.Methods The throat swab specimens of measles cases from 2017 to 2018 were collected.RNA was extracted,and a 450-nucleotide region of the nucleoprotein gene N was amplified by RT-PCR.The sequence BLAST was performed on Genbank and virus subtype was determined by phylogenetic tree analysis.Results A total of 20 throat swab specimens were collected,of which 20(15 in 2017,5 in 2018)specimens were successfully amplified N gene carboxyl terminal sequence.Sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree results showed that 17 strains(12 in 2017 and 5 in 2018)were H1 a genotype,1 strain was H1 type,1 strain was D8 genotype,and 1 strain was highly homologous with vaccine strain Shanghai191(U03663)(homology>99%).Conclusion H1 a is still the dominant type of measles epidemic in Hefei City,and occasional imported cases have not caused the epidemic of new genotypes.It is necessary to strengthen the etiological identification of suspected measles cases in Hefei City and detect imported measles cases in time to avoid outbreaks and epidemics caused by new genotypes.

关 键 词：麻疹病毒 基因型 系统发生树 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]