面向制造业的可加工性矩形件优化下料方法  

Manufacturing-oriented Machinability Rectangular Parts Optimization Cutting Stock Method

作　　者：黎凤洁 胡小春[2] 陈燕 LI Fengjie;HU Xiaochun;CHEN Yan(College of Computer and Electronic Information,Guangxi University,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications Network Technology,Nanning 530004,China;School of Information and Statisitics,Guangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学计算机与电子信息学院,广西多媒体通信与网络技术重点实验室,广西南宁530004 [2]广西财经学院信息与统计学院,广西南宁530003

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（理学版）》2021年第3期85-92,共8页Journal of Zhengzhou University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71371058);广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFAA159090)。

摘　　要：下料问题被广泛应用于制造行业。针对制造业中大规模、多尺寸的矩形件下料问题,以材料成本和切割成本最小作为优化目标提出一种可加工性矩形件下料优化方法。通过多次迭代生成多个下料方案,选择最小的总成本作为最优解。采用递归算法生成由2个段组成T形排样方式:一段含水平条带;另一段含竖直条带,且都支持一刀切工艺。为了尽可能获得全局近似最优解,优先对大矩形件进行组合,从而提高材料利用率。对含同种矩形件的同类型条带进行共边排样生成同质块。综合考虑同质块内条带间以及矩形件间的共边切割,从而降低切割成本。实验结果证明,所提方法在保证较高材料利用率的同时,能有效减少切割刀数,对制造业中实际下料问题具有实践指导意义。Aiming at the large-scale and multi-size rectangular parts cutting stock problem,a machinability rectangular parts cutting stock method was presented to minimize the sum of material cost and cutting cost.Several cutting plans were generated by multiple iterations.The minimum total cost was selected as the solution.A recursive algorithm was proposed to generate each T-shape cutting pattern,where a vertical or a horizontal cut divided the sheet into two segments.One segment contained horizontal strips,and the other contained vertical strips,both of them supported one-size-fits-all process.In order to get global optimization as much as possible,large rectangular parts were given priority to combinatorial optimization,so as to improve the material utilization rate.The same type of strips that contained the same kind of rectangular parts were arranged on the common-edge pattern to generate homogeneous blocks.The common edge cutting between rectangular parts and homogeneous strips was comprehensively considered to avoid repeated cutting of common edges farthest,so as to reduce the cutting cost.Computational experiments showed that the proposed method could ensure high material utilization and effectively reduce the number of cuts.Thus,it had practical guiding significance to the actual cutting process in the manufacturing industry.

关 键 词：制造业 优化下料 矩形件 一刀切 共边切割 切割刀数 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]