反映我国空间分异特性的多介质环境逸度模型的构建及十溴二苯醚的归趋模拟  

Development of Spatially Differentiated Multimedia Environmental Fugacity Model to Simulate Fate of Decabromodiphenyl Ether in China

作　　者：鄢世阳 王中钰[1] 陈景文[1] 李雪花[1] 于洋 林军 Yan Shiyang;Wang Zhongyu;Chen Jingwen;Li Xuehua;Yu Yang;Lin Jun(Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering(MOE),School of Environmental Science and Technology,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]工业生态与环境工程教育部重点实验室,大连理工大学环境学院,大连116024 [2]生态环境部固体废物与化学品管理技术中心,北京100029

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2021年第2期127-139,共13页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0110700,2018YFC1801604)。

摘　　要：化学品的浓度水平、排放量都与具体的地理位置密切相关,发展具有空间分异特性的多介质环境逸度模型,可更加准确地描述化学品的多介质环境归趋。本研究基于我国的区域环境属性,建立了50 km×50 km分辨率的空间分异Ⅲ级多介质环境逸度模型。以阻燃剂十溴二苯醚(BDE-209)为例,模拟和预测了BDE-209在我国的多介质环境中的分布。结果表明,上海、山东和广东等东部地区大气与土壤中BDE-209浓度较高,陕西、山西等中西部地区水与沉积物内BDE-209浓度较高。BDE-209在大气、水、土壤和沉积物中的平均浓度分别为2.02×10^(-6)μg·m^(-3)、6.64×10^(-6)μg·m-3、1.93μg·kg^(-1)和3.65×10μg·kg^(-1)。土壤和沉积物是BDE-209主要的汇,其含量占其环境总量的98.65%。所构建的具有空间分异特性的多介质环境逸度模型,适用于持久性有毒化学物质在我国环境中的归趋模拟,有助于化学品的环境风险预测与管理。The concentration levels and emissions of synthetic chemicals are dependent on the geographical locations.It is of importance to develop multimedia environmental fugacity models with spatial differentiation,since the models can accurately predict multimedia environmental fate of chemicals.In this study,based on the regional environmental properties of China,a levelⅢmultimedia environmental fugacity model with spatial resolution of 50 km×50 km was developed.A flame retardant decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209)was selected for the case study.Distribution of BDE-209 in the multimedia environment in China was predicted.The model predicted that concentrations of BDE-209 were high in air and soil in the eastern regions of Shanghai,Shandong and Guangdong;as well as in water and sediments in the central and western regions of Shaanxi and Shanxi.The average concentrations of BDE-209 in air,water,soil and sediments were predicted to be 2.02×10^(-6)μg·m^(-3),6.64×10^(-6)μg·m-3,1.93μg·kg^(-1)and 3.65×10μg·kg^(-1),respectively.Soil and sediments are the main sink of BDE-209,accounting for 98.65%of the total mass in the simulated region.The multimedia environmental fugacity model with spatial differentiation characteristics is suitable for fate simulation of persistent toxic chemicals in China,which is beneficial to the prediction and management of chemical risks.

关 键 词：十溴二苯醚 环境暴露模拟 逸度模型 地理信息系统 空间分异模型 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]