不同施药浓度对药液雾滴特性与沉积规律的影响  

Influence of different application concentrations on droplet characteristics and deposition of prochoraz emulsifiable concentrate

作　　者：焦雨轩 薛新宇 丁素明 周晴晴 田勇 董祥[2] Jiao Yuxuan;Xue Xinyu;Ding Suming;Zhou Qingqing;Tian Yong;Dong Xiang(Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu Province,China;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京210014 [2]中国农业机械化科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2021年第3期554-562,共9页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0701000);国家农业现代产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-12)。

摘　　要：为探索不同施药浓度对药液雾滴特性和沉积规律的影响,综合考虑田间作业常用施药量,本试验测定杀菌剂25%咪鲜胺乳油在6个浓度下的黏度和表面张力,并于风洞实验室中使用LANAO F110-02扇形喷嘴在标准作业压力0.3 MPa下对这6个浓度药液的雾滴粒径与沉积规律进行分析。结果表明:随着咪鲜胺乳油药液浓度的升高,药液黏度逐渐升高且与浓度满足指数关系,不同浓度下的黏度存在显著差异,变化范围在1.70~4.03 mPa·s之间;表面张力逐渐降低且与浓度满足幂函数关系,不同浓度下的表面张力同样存在显著差异,变化范围在32.26~35.45 mN·s之间;小雾滴占比ΦVol<150μm逐渐降低,各浓度药液下雾滴体积中径DV50与清水有显著差异,与清水相比雾滴体积中径平均增加15.41%;高浓度药液的雾滴体积中径DV50与低浓度药液相比增加8.98%;水平和垂直方向上的雾滴沉积量均减少,飘移减少百分比逐渐增大,浓度越高减飘效果越好。在黏度和表面张力共同作用下,黏度对雾滴粒径的影响大于表面张力。In order to explore the effects of different application concentrations on the droplet characteristics and deposition of tprochoraz emulsifiable concentrate, the fungicide 25% prochloraz EC were emulsified into water at six concentrations. In the wind tunnel laboratory, the six emulsions were applied using a LANAO F110-02 fan-shaped nozzle at a standard operating pressure of 0.3 MPa. The resulted viscosity, droplet sizes and surface tensions were measured, and then their relationships with emulsion concentrations were analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of the concentration of prochloraz EC, the viscosity increased exponentiallyt with the concentration. There were significant differences in the viscosity at different concentrations, ranging from 1.70 to 4.03 mPa·s;the surface tension gradually decreased and followed a the power function relationship with the concentration, and the surface tension at different concentrations also exhibited significant differences, ranging from 32.26 to35.45 mN·s;the proportion of small droplets ΦVol<150 μmgradually decreasesd with concentration. For all the six concentrations tested, the volume median diameter(DV50) of the fungicide droplets differed significantly from the DV50 of water droplets. Compared with clear water, the DV50 of fungicide droplets, on average, increased by 15.41%;compared with low-concentration emulsion, the DV50 of high-concentration emulsion was 8.98% larger;as the concentration increased, the drift of droplets was reduced at both horizontal and vertical directions. The higher the concentration, the better the drift was reduced compared with water applied under a wind of 3 m/s. The droplet sizes were influenced by both viscosity and surface tension, but the effect of viscosity on droplet size was greater than that of surface tension.

关 键 词：施药浓度 黏度 表面张力 雾滴粒径 沉积规律 

分 类 号：S491[农业科学—植物保护]