船体结构冰载荷的远场识别方法及试验验证  

Far-field ice load identification method of ship structure and experimental verification

作　　者：孔帅 陈晓东[2] 崔洪宇 季顺迎[2] KONG Shuai;CHEN Xiao-dong;CUI Hong-yu;JI Shun-ying(China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,China;State Key Laboratory of Structure Analysis of Industrial Equipment,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082 [2]大连理工大学工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《船舶力学》2021年第7期869-878,共10页Journal of Ship Mechanics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFE0111400,2016YFC1401505);国家自然科学基金项目(51639004,41576179)。

摘　　要：冰区航行船舶的冰载荷监测系统可实时保障结构安全。常规的冰载荷监测系统通常采用在冰区水线处布置应变传感器进行测量,然而船体结构水线处往往因水密隔舱等密闭结构而难以进入。为克服传感器安装位置的限制,本文提出一种船体外板结构远场冰载荷识别模型。采用狄拉克函数形成监测点载荷-测量点冰激应变间的Green矩阵,并用Picard准则对载荷识别系统的不适定性进行分析。同时,采用共轭梯度最小二乘迭代型算法和移动平均滤波技术提升求解精度及降低噪声信号影响,并将反演模型应用到外板结构的载荷识别试验中,反演的载荷可较好地对应上施加载荷的时域特征且载荷识别精度良好。本文提出的冰载荷识别模型是对原有冰载荷监测方案的扩展,可有效提升监测范围。The ice load monitoring system for ships navigating in the ice-covered waters can guarantee the structural safety in real time.The strain sensors in the general ice load monitoring system are usually arranged around the waterline in the ice-covered zone.However,it is usually hard to enter the zone around the waterline due to the watertight compartment.To overcome the restriction of installation site,a far-field ice load identification model for the shell structure of a ship was proposed in this paper.The Dirac function was adopted to establish the Green matrix between the loads applied on the monitoring points and the ice-induced strains on the measurement points.And the Picard criteria were used to analyze the ill-posed characteristics of the load identification system.The conjugate gradient least squares iterative algorithm and the moving average filter were adopted to improve the solution accuracy and to reduce the effect of noise signal.And then the identification model was applied in the load identification test of the shell structure.The identified loads can be fitted well to the time-domain characteristics of the applied loads and the accuracy of the identification loads was satisfactory.The ice load identification model proposed in this paper is an extension of the general ice load monitoring scheme and could significantly extend the monitoring range.

关 键 词：极地船舶 冰载荷 远场载荷识别 共轭梯度最小二乘算法 

分 类 号：P751[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]