典型废酸油渣中烷烃类化合物指纹特征研究  

Study on Fingerprint Characteristics of Alkane Compounds in Typical Waste Acid Oil Residue

作　　者：梁柳玲 杨肖娜 李青倩 王鑫平[3] 杨家欢 黄宁 王锦 陈蓓 LIANG Liuling;YANG Xiaona;LI Qingqian;WANG Xinping;YANG Jiahuan;HUANG Ning;WANG Jin;CHEN Bei(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Centre,Nanning 530028,China;College of Resources,Environment and Materials,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center of State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao 266033,China;Marine Environmental Monitoring Centre of Guangxi,Beihai 536000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区生态环境监测中心,广西南宁530028 [2]广西大学资源环境与材料学院,广西南宁530004 [3]国家海洋局北海环境监测中心,山东青岛266033 [4]广西壮族自治区海洋环境监测中心站,广西北海536000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2021年第3期141-149,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：广西重点研发项目:广西生态系统和环境管理需求的地方环境标准体系研究(桂科AB16380340);国家重点研发计划课题:渤海沉潜油形成机理和行为归宿研究(2016YFC1402301);国家重点研发计划课题:海洋生态环境损害基线、因果关系及损害程度的判定技术方法(2016YFC0503602)。

摘　　要：为研究油指纹技术对废酸油渣来源鉴别的适用性,该文采集3家润滑油生产企业和2个堆场共20个废酸油渣样品,通过无水硫酸钠分散、超声波萃取、纯水除酸、硅胶净化后,采用GC/MS对样品中的正构烷烃、姥鲛烷和植烷进行测定,对其原始指纹谱图、浓度分布和诊断比值进行比较,并采用风化百分比图分析样品风化情况。结果表明,所有样品均含有较丰富的油指纹信息。同一油桶不同深度样品的m/z 85原始指纹谱图、正构烷烃相对浓度以及诊断比值等指纹特征均相似,风化百分比图绝大多数数据分布在100%附近,但浅层样品质量浓度均大于深层样品,不同样品质量浓度差异较大。同一企业(堆场)部分油桶样品中存在相似的正构烷烃和类异戊二烯指纹特征,部分油桶却存在较大差异,存在相似指纹信息的样品质量浓度差异较大。不同企业(堆场)绝大多数样品正构烷烃和类异戊二烯指纹特征存在较大差异,但仍有部分相似。研究结果可为废酸油渣采样布点和油源鉴别工作提供基础数据支撑。In order to study the applicability of oil fingerprint technology in source identification of waste acid and oil residue,20 waste acid and oil residue samples from 3 lubricating oil production enterprises and 2 storage yards were collected.After dispersing with anhydrous sodium sulfate,ultrasonic extraction,pure water deacidification and silica gel purifi⁃cation,the normal alkanes,pristane and phytane in the samples were determined by GC/MS,and the original fingerprint spectrum,concentration distribution and diagnostic ratio were analyzed.The percentage of weathering diagram was used to analyze the weathering of the samples.The results show that all the samples can provide a plenty of oil fingerprint informa⁃tion.The m/z 85 original fingerprint,relative concentration of n-alkane and diagnostic ratio of samples from different depths in the same oil barrel are similar.Most of the weathering scale data are distributed near 100%,but the mass concentration of surface samples is higher than that of deep samples,and the mass concentration of different samples is quite different.There are similar fingerprint characteristics of n-alkanes and isoprene in some oil barrel samples of the same enterprise(storage yard),but there are great differences in some oil barrels,and there are great differences in the quality and concentration of samples with similar fingerprint information.The fingerprint characteristics of n-alkanes and isoprene like in most samples of different enterprises(yards)are quite different,but there are still some similarities.The research results provide the basic data support for the sampling and oil source identification of waste acid oil residue.

关 键 词：废酸油渣 正构烷烃 姥鲛烷 植烷 油指纹 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学] O65[理学—分析化学]