胎儿骶尾部畸胎瘤的诊断与治疗  

Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Sacrococcygeal Teratoma

作　　者：梁菁苹[1] 李玛俊 LIANG Jingping;LI Majun(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Zhengzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Zhengzhou,Henan Province,450000 China)

机构地区：[1]郑州市妇幼保健院妇产科,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《世界复合医学》2021年第5期195-198,共4页World Journal of Complex Medicine

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(162102310091)。

摘　　要：胎儿畸胎瘤是胎儿常见的生殖细胞肿瘤,其中以骶尾部畸胎瘤(SCT)最为常见,多于孕中期或孕晚期通过超声或磁共振成像(MRI)等影像学检查发现。其中产前超声检查是发现胎儿畸胎瘤主要的手段之一,可清晰观察瘤体的部位、大小、内部回声、血供及其周围组织的关系以及羊水量的异常、有无合并胎儿水肿、胎盘异常等,具有无创、操作简便、安全性高等特点。MRI对软组织的分辨率较高,可更好地显示组织密度和清晰的解剖分辨率,观察畸胎瘤是否向盆腔或腹腔延伸、是否对周围组织存在压迫、是否侵犯邻近器官等,多在诊断后进行进一步观察。在孕期根据影像学检查做出产前诊断,并通过多学科团队联合诊治(妇产科、医学影像科、新生儿科、小儿外科、麻醉科等相关科室),对母体及胎儿病情的预后进行综合评估,再决定分娩时机和方式及出生后治疗,可以获得较好的结局。Fetal teratomas are common germ cell tumors in the fetus.Among them,sacrococcygeal teratoma(SCT)is the most common,which is more frequently found by ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in the second or third trimester.Among them,prenatal ultrasound examination is one of the main methods to find fetal teratoma,which can clearly observe the location,size,internal echo,blood supply and surrounding tissues of the tumor,as well as the abnormality of amniotic fluid,whether there is fetal edema,abnormal placenta,etc.,have the characteristics of non-invasive,easy operation and high safety.MRI has a higher resolution for soft tissues,which can better display tissue density and clear anatomical resolution.Observe whether teratomas want to extend the pelvic or abdominal cavity,whether there is pressure on surrounding tissues,or whether they invade neighboring organs,etc.,which are mostly used for further observations after diagnosis.During pregnancy,prenatal diagnosis is made based on imaging examinations,and multidisciplinary team joint diagnosis and treatment(obstetrics and gynecology,medical imaging,neonatology,pediatric surgery,anesthesiology and other related departments),Comprehensive assessment of the prognosis of maternal and fetal conditions,and then deciding the timing and method of delivery and post-natal treatment,which can achieve a better outcome.

关 键 词：胎儿 SCT 产前诊断 多学科联合诊疗(MDT) 超声 磁共振成像 

分 类 号：R714[医药卫生—妇产科学]