超重女性对食物信息加工的注意偏向和记忆偏向  

Attention Bias and Memory Bias in Food Information Processing Among Overweight Females

作　　者：冷雪晨 陈红 边子茗[1] 史攀 黄于飞 Leng Xuechen;Chen Hong;Bian Ziming;Shi Pan;Huang Yufei(Faculty of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715;Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality(SWU),Ministry of Education,Chongqing,400715;Research Center of Psychology and Social Development,Chongqing,400715)

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学部,重庆400715 [2]认知与人格教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [3]重庆市心理学与社会发展中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《心理科学》2021年第3期651-658,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31771237);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金创新团队项目(SWU1709106)的资助。

摘　　要：采用与食物图片相关的点探测任务和学习—再认范式考察超重女性对不同热量食物信息的注意偏向和记忆偏向。结果发现:(1)超重女性对高热量食物信息存在注意警觉—注意脱离困难模式,对低热量食物信息仅表现为注意回避模式。(2)超重组女性对高热量食物信息的再认正确率显著高于正常体重组,而对低热量食物信息的再认成绩组间差异不显著。研究结果证实了超重女性对高热量食物信息投入更多的认知资源,存在注意偏向和记忆偏向。Cognitive processing of individuals on food information affects food choices and eating behaviors, and high responsiveness to food cues is often a potential cause of overeating. The cognitive-motivational model proposes that for individuals with excess weight, high-calorie food is particularly rewarding. This type of food is an important cue grabbing their attention and can increase the activation of brain areas that relate to reward processing. Such food stimuli can more easily enter the memory system, which in turn produces memory bias. Although some studies have confirmed that overweight people have attention bias and memory bias towards food information, whether the attention bias of overweight groups on food information is a single attention component or a process of dynamic changes in multiple attention bias components has not yet reached a consensus conclusion. Besides, most studies on memory bias in food information processing among overweight do not consider the issue of food energy. Therefore, whether there is a difference in memory bias on high-and low-calorie foods by overweight people, their cognitive characteristics and processing methods need to be further proven.In total, 30 overweight female college students and 30 normal-weight female college students were tested successively with the dot-probe task and learning-recognition paradigm related to food pictures. A modified visual dot-probe paradigm was adopted to measure attention bias. We used 20 high-calorie food pictures, 20 low-calorie food pictures, and 60 neutral pictures as stimuli. A learning-recognition paradigm was adopted to measure memory bias. The participants were presented with 96 old pictures and 96 new pictures(half high-calorie and half low-calorie food pictures) in a pseudo-random order. After that, they were requested to judge whether or not the pictures had appeared in phase one.The results showed the following:(1) In the dot-probe task, the attention vigilance index of overweight group on high-calorie food pictures was remarkab

关 键 词：超重 食物信息 注意偏向 记忆偏向 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]