提盐速率对序批式生物反应器性能和微生物群落结构的影响  

Effect of Rate of Salinity Increase on the Performance and Microbial Community Structure of Sequencing Batch Reactors

作　　者：古柏铭 金春姬[1,2] 温淳 侯金源 赵阳国[1,2] 高孟春[1,2] GU Bai-ming;JIN Chun-ji;WEN Chun;HOU Jin-yuan;ZHAO Yang-guo;GAO Meng-chun(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,青岛266100

出　　处：《环境科学》2021年第7期3413-3421,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(201964004)。

摘　　要：使用序批式生物反应器驯化耐盐活性污泥,探究提盐速率对污染物去除效果、活性污泥特性和微生物群落结构的影响.结果表明,快速提升盐度至30‰(30 d内提升盐度),COD和NH^(+)_(4)-N去除率均出现明显下降,由最初的85.5%和98.5%,分别降低至72.2%和81.7%;缓慢提升盐度至30‰(90 d内提升盐度),COD和NH^(+)_(4)-N去除率受盐度影响较小,表现出良好的去除性能.在缓慢提升盐度过程中,盐度为20‰,出水NO_(2)--N升高至11.13 mg·L^(-1),NO^(-)_(3)-N降低为0.56 mg·L^(-1),实现短程硝化;盐度为30‰,亚硝酸盐积累率约为90%,TN去除率升高至75%左右.随着盐度升高,胞外聚合物中多糖和蛋白质的含量不断增加,当盐度高于15‰时,多糖明显增加.高通量测序结果表明,经快速提盐和缓慢提盐驯化,微生物多样性明显下降,Shannon指数由8.06分别降为4.34和6.17.随着盐度增加,Micropruina、Denitromonas、TM7a和Marinicella表现出良好的耐盐特性.经快速提盐驯化后,Denitratisoma、Defluviimonas、Arenimonas和Denitromonas等反硝化菌的相对丰度明显减少.In this study,three sequence batch reactors were selected to evaluate the effects of salt-tolerant activated sludge acclimation.The effect of salinity increase rate on pollutant removal,physicochemical characteristics of activated sludge,and microbial community were investigated.The results showed that a rapid salinity increase to 30‰(within 30 d) reduced removal efficiencies of COD and NH^(+)_(4)-N from 85.5%and 98.5%(18 d) to 72.2%and 81.7%(51 d),respectively.In comparison,a slower salinity increases to30‰(within 90 d) had a minor effect on COD and NH^(+)_(4)-N removal.During the rapid salinity increase,a stable shortcut nitrification occurred under 20‰salinity,in which the effluent NO_(2)--N reached 11.13 mg·L^(-1)and NO^(-)_(3)-N decreased to 0.56 mg·L^(-1).When salinity increased to 30‰,the nitrite accumulation rate was about 90%,and the removal efficiency of total nitrogen increased to approximately 75%.The contents of polysaccharide and protein in extracellular polymer substances increased as salinity increased,and the polysaccharide content increased significantly when the salinity was higher than 15‰.High-throughput sequencing results illustrated that microbial diversity reduced as salinity increased,following the Shannon index decrease from 8.06 (0‰salinity) to4.34 (rapid salinity increase) and 6.17 (slower salinity increase).As salinity increased,Micropruina,Denitromonas,TM7a,and Marinicella exhibited good salt tolerance.The relative abundance of Denitratisoma,Defluviimonas,Arenimonas,and Denitromonas decreased more significantly following the rapid salinity increase compared with that after the slower salinity increase.

关 键 词：序批式生物反应器(SBR) 提盐速率 短程硝化 胞外聚合物 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X703