鸡肉粉替代秘鲁鱼粉对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道及肝脏组织结构的影响  

Effects of Peru Fish Meal Replacement by Pet Grade Chicken Meal on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes,Intestinal and Liver Histomorphology of Largemouth Bass(Micropterus salmoides)

作　　者：马利 穆苑 李维 耿旭 蒋明[2] 文华[2] 王国霞 李勇 MA Li;MU Yuan;LI Wei;GENG Xu;JIANG Ming;WEN Hua;WANG Guoxia;LI Yong(COFCO Feed Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100020,China;Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]中粮饲料有限公司,北京100020 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,武汉430223 [3]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,农业部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室,广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第7期4183-4193,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS⁃46)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究实用饲料配方中宠物级鸡肉粉替代秘鲁鱼粉对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道和肝脏组织结构的影响。选用初始体质量约为6.88 g的大口黑鲈700尾,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复35尾。用宠物级鸡肉粉替代秘鲁鱼粉,分别配制5种试验饲料(标记为T1、T2、T3、T4和T5),其中T1含有秘鲁鱼粉30%和宠物级鸡肉粉10%,T2~T5中的鸡肉粉以7.5%(占比饲料)的梯度增加,养殖试验为期56 d。结果表明:各试验组间的生长性能、饲料系数和形态学指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。各试验组间的全鱼体成分、蛋白质和脂肪沉积率无显著差异(P>0.05),T4组粗灰分沉积率显著高于T1和T2组(P<0.05)。鸡肉粉替代秘鲁鱼粉对大口黑鲈的血清生化指标、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶活性和总抗氧化能力均无显著影响(P>0.05);鸡肉粉替代秘鲁鱼粉对大口黑鲈肠道脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶活性均无显著影响(P>0.05),对肠道淀粉酶活性有显著影响(P<0.05)。各试验组间的肠道绒毛高度、肌层厚度、杯状细胞数均无显著差异(P>0.05),T5组肠道绒毛宽度显著高于T2和T3组(P<0.05);各试验组肝脏组织未见坏死,T1~T4组的肝细胞正常,T5组肝细胞轮廓界限不清,细胞核偏向细胞一侧较多。以上结果表明,在本试验条件下,饲料中添加32.5%或以下的鸡肉粉对大口黑鲈生长性能、肠道及肝脏结构没有不利影响,40.0%的鸡肉粉对大口黑鲈的肝脏和肠道有负面影响。This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Peru fish meal replacement by pet grade chicken meal on the growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,intestinal and liver histomorphology of Micropterus salmoides. Five experimental diets(labeled as T1,T2,T3,T4 and T5)were prepared. T1 contained30% Peru fish meal and 10% pet grade chicken meal,while the pet grade chicken meal in T2 to T5 increased by a gradient of 7.5%(proportion of the diet). The 700 largemouth bass with an initial average weight of6.88 g were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates in each group,and 35 fish in each replicate. The feeding trial lasted for 56 d. The results showed that there were no significant differences in growth performance,feed utilization and body morphological indexes(P > 0. 05). There was no significant difference in composition and nutrient deposition of whole fish in each test group(P>0.05). The replacement of pet grade chicken meal for Peru fish meal had no significant effect on activities of serum acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase,and total antioxidant capacity of largemouth bass(P>0.05). The replacement had no significant effect on the activities of intestinal lipase and trypsin of largemouth bass(P>0.05),but it had a significant effect on the activities of intestinal amylase(P<0.05). There were no significant changes in the height of intestinal villi,muscle thickness,and number of goblet cells in each experimental group(P>0.05),and the villi width in T5 group was significantly greater than that in T2 group and T3 group(P<0.05). No liver tissue necrosis was observed in each group. The hepatocyte morphology showed that the contour boundary of liver cells was not clear,and the nucleus was more tilted to the side of the cells in the T5 group. However,the hepatocytopathy were not severe in the T1 group to T4 group. The above results indicate that pet grade chicken meal can use 32.5% in the diet for largemouth bass based on the growth performance. However,the inclusion of 40.0% pet grade

关 键 词：大口黑鲈 鸡肉粉 鱼粉替代 生长性能 血清生化指标 肠道及肝脏组织结构 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]