新疆哈萨克族食管癌患者膳食营养和饮食习惯调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of dietary nutrition and dietary habits of Kazakh esophageal cancer patients in Xinjiang

作　　者：吴艳[1] 赫晓磊 周叶[1] 康晓艳[1] 常海霞[3] Wu Yan;He Xiaolei;Zhou Ye;Kang Xiaoyan;Chang Haixia(Department of Thoracic Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,China;Second Department of Digestion,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,China;Department of Nursing,the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院胸外科,乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆医科大学第一附属医院消化二科,乌鲁木齐830054 [3]新疆医科大学第五附属医院护理部,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国医学前沿杂志（电子版）》2021年第7期73-77,共5页Chinese Journal of the Frontiers of Medical Science(Electronic Version)

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2017D01C277)。

摘　　要：目的调查并分析新疆哈萨克族食管癌患者膳食营养和饮食习惯,为新疆地区食管癌的预防提供参考依据。方法选取2017年3月至2020年3月新疆医科大学第一附属医院收治的295例食管癌患者为研究对象,选取同期该院收治的因消化道良性疾病入院的100例患者纳入对照组。按照食管癌患者民族不同,将其分为哈萨克族组(203例)和非哈萨克族组(92例);按照对照组民族不同,将其分为哈萨克族对照组(63例)和非哈萨克族对照组(37例)。向各组患者发放膳食营养和饮食习惯调查问卷,调查患者膳食营养结构、营养素摄入量、饮食习惯,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨影响新疆不同民族居民发生食管癌的相关因素。结果哈萨克族组患者谷类、蔬菜、水果、蛋类、豆类摄入量和常喝酸奶患者占比均显著低于非哈萨克族组和哈萨克族对照组、非哈萨克族对照组(均P<0.05),常吃熏肉、喜食烫饭患者占比均显著高于非哈萨克族组和哈萨克族对照组、非哈萨克族对照组(均P<0.05);非哈萨克族组患者谷类、蔬菜、水果、蛋类、豆类摄入量均显著低于哈萨克族对照组、非哈萨克族对照组(均P<0.05),常吃熏肉、喜食烫饭比例均显著高于哈萨克族对照组、非哈萨克族对照组(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,蔬菜摄入少、水果摄入少、常吃熏肉均为新疆哈萨克族居民发生食管癌的独立危险因素(均P<0.05),常吃熏肉是新疆非哈萨克族居民发生食管癌的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论新疆哈萨克族与非哈萨克族居民膳食营养和饮食习惯存在差异,应根据不同民族居民特点和习惯开展干预,从而降低新疆地区居民食管癌整体发病率。Objective To investigate and analyze the dietary nutrition and dietary habits of Kazakh esophageal cancer patients in Xinjiang,so as to provide reference for the prevention of esophageal cancer in Xinjiang.Method A total of 295 patients with esophageal cancer admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from March 2017 to March 2020 were selected as the research subjects,and 100 patients with benign digestive tract diseases during the same period were selected as control group.According to the nationality of esophageal cancer patients,they were divided into Kazakh group(203 cases)and non-Kazakh group(92 cases);according to the different nationalities of control group,they were divided into Kazakh control group(63 cases)and non-Kazakh control group(37 cases).The nutritional structure,nutrient intake and eating habits of the three groups were investigated by questionnaire.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to summarize the related factors affecting the occurrence of esophageal cancer in different ethnic groups in Xinjiang.Result The intake of cereals,vegetables,fruits,eggs,and beans and the proportion of patients who often drank yogurt in Kazakh group were significantly lower than those in non-Kazakh group,Kazakh control group and non-Kazakh control group(all P<0.05),the proportion of patients who often ate bacon and liked hot meal were significantly higher than those in non-Kazakh group,Kazakh control group and non-Kazakh control group(all P<0.05).The intake of cereals,vegetables,fruits,eggs,and beans in non-Kazakh group were significantly lower than those in Kazakh control group and non-Kazakh control group(all P<0.05),the proportion of patients who often ate bacon and liked hot meal were significantly higher than those in Kazakh control group and non-Kazakh control group(all P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that less vegetable intake,less fruit intake,and regular bacon intake were all the independent risk factors for esophageal cancer in Kazakh

关 键 词：新疆 民族 食管癌 膳食营养 饮食习惯 

分 类 号：R735.1[医药卫生—肿瘤] R151.42[医药卫生—临床医学]