头低位卧床期间抗阻训练对下肢肌肉萎缩的改善效果——系统综述和Meta分析  

Effect of Resistance Training on Muscle Atrophy of Lower Limbs During Head-down-tilt Bedrest:Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

作　　者：余诗琦 袁鹏 许贻林 Yu Shiqi;Yuan Peng;Xu Yilin(不详;Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]南京体育学院,江苏南京210014 [2]上海体育学院,上海200438 [3]江苏省体育科学研究所,江苏南京210033

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2021年第3期272-282,共11页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：空间站工程航天医学实验项目(HYZHXM01010);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJKY19_1605)。

摘　　要：目的通过对文献资料进行系统地检索和分析,系统分析头低位卧床期间抗阻训练对下肢肌肉萎缩的改善效果的研究进展。方法在Web of Science、EBSCO、Pubmed、EMBASE等数据库中检索英文文献,在中国知网和万方数据库中搜索中文文献共870篇,另手动检索文献1篇,受试者共计290名。根据纳入标准筛选后剔除文献852篇,共筛选出18篇文献纳入最终meta分析。结果以Ⅰ型纤维为主的肌肉在头低位卧床过程中萎缩程度较大,协同肌的萎缩虽具有相关性但也存在差异,激活程度较高肌肉萎缩程度较大,单关节肌肉比双关节肌肉萎缩程度大,抗阻训练显著改善伸膝肌群横截面积(P=0.006)、跖屈肌群横截面积(P=0.007)、屈膝肌群体积(P=0.001)、伸膝肌群体积(P<0.001)和跖屈肌群体积(P=0.006);未显著改善屈膝肌群横截面积(P=0.170)、背屈肌群横截面积(P=0.410)、背屈肌群体积(P=0.160)。结论卧床期间抗阻运动不能避免下肢肌肉的萎缩,但对部分下肢肌肉萎缩情况有显著改善。目前的训练应注意增加抗阻训练的重复次数,以改善Ⅰ型纤维为主的肌肉,另外还需要对协同肌中各部分肌肉进行孤立的抗阻训练以改善协同肌萎缩的差异。现有的训练方案仍缺乏腘绳肌和胫前肌针对性训练,还需要设计更丰富的抗阻训练动作。Objective To explore the effects of resistance training on muscle atrophy of lower limbs during head-down-tilt bedrest through systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.Methods English literature was searched from databases including Web of Science,EBSCO,Pubmed,EMBASE.Chinese literature was searched from CNKI and Wanfang database.In addition,1 literature was retrieved manually.A total of 870 articles with a total of 290 subjects were searched.According to the inclusion criteria,852 literatures were excluded and 18 literatures were selected for the final systematic review.Results Resistance training significantly improved the cross-sectional area of knee extensors(P=0.006),the cross-sectional area of plantar flexors(P=0.007),the volume of knee flexors(P=0.001),the volume of knee extensors(P<0.001)and the volume of plantar flexors(P=0.006).While the cross-sectional area of knee flexors(P=0.170),the cross-sectional area of dorsi flexors(P=0.410)and the volume of dorsi flexors(P=0.160)were not significantly improved.Conclusion Resistance training could not prevent the atrophy of lower limbs muscles,but it can significantly relieve the atrophy of some lower limbs muscles.Recent resistance training should be noted that the muscles mainly contain typeⅠmuscle fibers should be improved by increasing the repetition of resistance training.In addition,muscles should be trained individually in order to improve the difference of congenerous muscles atrophy.Current resistance training program shows that there is still a lack of specific training for hamstring and tibialis anterior muscles.More abundant resistance training needs to be designed.

关 键 词：抗阻训练 卧床 模拟失重 下肢 肌肉横截面积 肌肉体积 

分 类 号：R852.22[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]