代替考试罪的现状考察与刑法分析--以44份刑事判决书为例  

Status and Criminal Law Analysis on the Crime of Surrogate Exam-taking:Based on the 44 Criminal Judgments

作　　者：桂亚胜[1] GUI Yasheng(Shanghai University of International Business and Economics,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海对外经贸大学法学院,上海201620

出　　处：《中国考试》2021年第8期43-50,共8页journal of China Examinations

摘　　要：通过对44份“代替考试罪”刑事判决书的文本考察,发现代替考试罪主要发生在驾驶证考试和各类职业资格考试中。代替考试罪的被告人在年龄分布上较为平均,法院对代替考试罪判处缓刑的比率较高,量刑总体较轻;但法院对从业禁止的适用普遍重视不足,一定程度上存在同案不同判的问题。因此,有必要通过发布指导性案例的形式,统一代替考试罪的量刑标准;同时,也需要在理论上厘清代替考试罪的行为特征和既遂标准,从而明确代替考试罪与组织考试作弊罪的界限。Based on the 44 criminal judgments,the conclusion is that the crime of surrogate exam-taking mainly appears in the driving license examination and various professional qualification examinations.The ages of the defendants are evenly distributed.As a whole,the courts tend to impose a lighter sentence and probation is more likely to apply.However,the courts generally don’t pay enough attention to the application of the occupational injunction.To some extent,the judgments of different courts about the same cases vary greatly.Therefore,it is necessary to uniform the sentencing standards of the crime of surrogate exam-taking by issuing some guiding cases.In theory,it is also necessary to clarify the behavior characteristics and the criteria of accomplishing of the crime,so as to distinguish the crime of surrogate exam-taking from the crime of organizing cheating in examinations.

关 键 词：考试管理 代替考试罪 组织考试作弊罪 替考 司法解释 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]