化学调控对高密条件下玉米抗倒性能的影响  

Effects of Chemical Regulation on Lodging Resistance of Maize under High Density Condition

作　　者：孙宁[1] 边少锋[1] 孟祥盟[1] 赵洪祥[1] 张丽华[1] 谭国波[1] 闫伟平[1] 于玮淇 Sun Ning;Bian Shaofeng;Meng Xiangmeng;Zhao Hongxiang;Zhang Lihua;Tan Guobo;Yan Weiping;Yu Weiqi(Agricultural Resources and Environment Institute,Jilin Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Changchun,130033;College of Agronomy,Yanbian University,Yanji,133200)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,长春130033 [2]延边大学农学院,延吉133200

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第13期4449-4455,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300601-2)资助。

摘　　要：增加种植密度作为玉米产量提升的重要途径,同时会带来群体郁闭、倒伏等问题,又在一定程度上制约着产量提高。为了探明高密群体不同化学调控方式对玉米茎秆抗倒伏性状的影响,选用近年来表现较好的高产潜力品种‘迪卡159’作为试验材料,设8.5×10^(4)、9.5×10^(4)、10.5×10^(4)株/hm^(2)3个种植密度和8展叶1次化控(T1)、7+8展叶2次化控(T2)以及清水对照(CK)3个试验处理,测定了茎秆农艺性状和抗倒力学性状,结果表明,化学调控降低了玉米植株的株高、穗位高、基部节间长和第2-5节位的节间干物质重,增加了基部第3-5节位的节间周长和第1-5节位的单位节间长干物质重,以上变化在不同化控处理间存在差异。8.5×10^(4)-9.5×10^(4)株/hm^(2)时,一次化控可取得较好的调控效果,10.5×10^(4)株/hm-2时则需两次化控才能取得明显的调控效果。茎秆抗倒力学性状与农艺性状密切相关,逐步回归分析表明,在化控条件下,单位节间长干物质重对茎秆穿刺强度及压折强度的影响最大,可以作为植株化控抗倒伏效果检验的重要农艺指标。As an important way to improve maize yield,increasing planting density will bring problems such as population closing and lodging,restrict the increase of maize yield to some extent.In order to explore the effects of different chemical regulation methods of high-density population on stalk lodging resistance of maize,’Dica159’,a high-yielding potential variety with good performance in recent years,was selected as the experimental material,three planting densities of 8.5×10^(4),9.5×10^(4) and 10.5×10^(4) pl/hm2 and three treatments including once chemical control(T1),twice chemical control(T2)two chemical control treatments and water control(CK)were set.The agronomic and mechanical properties of stalk were determined.The results showed that chemical regulation reduced plant height,ear height,internode length at base and internode dry matter weight of node 2~5,and increased internode circumference of node 3~5 and dry weight per unit internode of node 1~5,the above changes were different in different chemical control treatments.When 8.5×10^(4) to 9.5×10^(4) pl/hm2,good control effect could be achieved by chemical control once,while when 10.5×10^(4) pl/hm2,it needed chemical control twice to achieve obvious control effect.The mechanical character of stalk resistance was closely related to agronomic character,stepwise regression analysis showed that under chemical control condition,dry matter weight per unit internode had the greatest influence on stem puncture strength and compressive strength,which could be used as an important agronomic index for testing chemical control and lodging resistance.

关 键 词：玉米 化学调控 密度 农艺性状 抗倒性能 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]