耐高温油脂降解菌株的筛选、鉴定及其在好氧堆肥中的应用  

Screening and identification of high temperature resistant oil degrading strain and its application in aerobic composting

作　　者：詹亚斌 魏雨泉 陶兴玲 张阿克 林永锋 丁晓艳 范鑫祺 李季[1,2] ZHAN Yabin;WEI Yuquan;TAO Xingling;ZHANG Ake;LIN Yongfeng;DING Xiaoyan;FAN Xinqi;LI Ji(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;Organic Recycling Research Institute(Suzhou)of China Agricultural University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215100)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]中国农业大学有机循环研究院(苏州),江苏苏州215100

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2021年第7期812-818,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2016YFD0800601);苏州市农业科技创新项目(No.SNG201903)。

摘　　要：针对餐厨垃圾油脂含量高抑制堆肥腐熟的问题,从餐厨垃圾高温期堆肥样品中采集样品,以大豆油为唯一碳源,进行富集驯化、划线分离获得菌株,并经中性红培养基筛选、耐高温筛选、油脂降解能力测定培养基油脂降解率验证,采用16S rDNA对菌株进行初步鉴定,并将菌株以1%(体积分数)接种至餐厨垃圾中进行21 d的好氧堆肥。结果表明:筛选获得2株耐高温油脂降解菌分别记为HBT-2、HBT-12,分别归属于枝芽孢杆菌属(Virgibacillus)和芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus),最高耐受温度分别为50、60℃,油脂降解率分别为30.40%和27.45%。复配后接种组油脂降解率为38.62%,发芽指数(GI)为85.90%,达到腐熟标准(参考《有机肥料》(NY 525—2012));对照组油脂降解率为26.51%,GI为76.68%,未达到腐熟标准。接种耐高温油脂降解菌可以促进餐厨垃圾堆肥中油脂的降解,加快堆肥腐熟进程,为基于生物强化技术的餐厨垃圾资源化处理工艺奠定基础。In view of the problem of high oil content in kitchen waste and inhibiting the maturity of compost,samples were collected from the kitchen waste compost during high temperature period.Soybean oil was used as the sole carbon source to enrich and acclimatize the sample,and then pure clone was obtained by lineation.The pure clone was screened by neutral red medium,high temperature resistant medium,and oil degradation rate was verified on oil degradation ability determination medium.It was identified by 16S rDNA,and the strain was inoculated into kitchen waste with 1%(volume fraction)for 21 days of aerobic composting.The results showed that two high temperature resistant oil degrading bacteria named HBT-2 and HBT-12 were isolated and identified as Virgibacillus and Bacillus,respectively.The maximum tolerance temperatures of two strains were 50,60℃,with oil degradation rates of 30.40%and 27.45%.The oil degradation rate of compound inoculated treatment and CK were 38.62%and 26.51%,and germination index(GI)were 85.90%(reached the maturity standard(refer to“Organic fertilizer”(NY 525-2012)))and 76.68%(did not reached the maturity standard),respectively.Therefore,inoculating high temperature resistant oil degrading bacteria could promote the degradation of oil,accelerate the process of kitchen waste composting,and lay the foundation for the resource treatment process of kitchen waste based on bioaugmentation technology.

关 键 词：餐厨垃圾 好氧堆肥 耐高温 油脂降解菌 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]