皇甫川流域水沙变化对景观格局的响应  

Response of Variation of Runoff and Sediment to Landscape Pattern in Huangfuchuan Basin

作　　者：刘蓓蕾 李鹏[1,2] 杨媛媛[1] 任宗萍[1,2] 龙韶博 LIU Beilei;LI Peng;YANG Yuanyuan;REN Zongping;LONG Shaobo(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi′an University of Technology,Xi′an 710048,China;Key Laboratory of on Ecological Hydrology and Disaster Prevention in Arid Regions,National Forestry Administration,Xi′an University of Technology,Xi′an 710048,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室,西安710048 [2]西安理工大学旱区生态水文与灾害防治国家林业局重点实验室,西安710048 [3]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2021年第5期102-107,120,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51779204);陕西省创新人才推进计划项目(2018TD-037)。

摘　　要：黄河泥沙锐减的背景下,研究黄土高原地区景观格局,旨在探讨其对径流泥沙的影响。采用数理统计方法分析流域的水沙时间变化特征;基于ArcGIS 10.2和FRAGSTATS 4.2分析流域土地利用和景观格局特征,采用冗余分析法等分析流域水沙对景观格局的响应。结果表明:皇甫川流域水沙年内分配不均,年际呈下降趋势,径流量和输沙量的突变点分别为1984年和1988年;主要土地利用类型为草地(约占65%),草地变化最大,水域和建设用地变化不明显;流域景观格局指数略有变化,景观破碎度增加,形状复杂,异质性上升;景观格局指数与水沙相关性较强。改变流域土地配置,景观格局必然相应发生变化。因此,可以通过间接改变流域土地利用,调节流域水沙变化特征。In order to study the landscape pattern of Loess Plateau under the background of sediment reduction in the Yellow River, this paper aims to explore the influence of landscape pattern on runoff and sediment. Unitary linear regression method and moving average method were used to study the characteristics of runoff and sediment in the basin. Based on ArcGIS 10.2 software and FRAGSTATS 4.2 software, we analyzed the characteristics of watershed land use and landscape pattern. Redundancy Analysis and other method were used to analyze the response of runoff and sediment in watershed to landscape pattern. The results show that: the distributions of rainfall, runoff and sediment transport in Huang-Fu-Chuan Basin were uneven within a year, and there was a downward trend from year to year, and the abrupt transition points of runoff and sediment transport occurred in 1984 and 1988, respectively;the main type of land use in Huang-Fu-Chuan Basin was grassland which accounted for about 65% of the total area of the basin, and the grassland changed the most, while the changes of water area and construction land were not obvious;the landscape pattern index of the basin changed slightly, the landscape fragmentation increased, the shape was complicated, and the heterogeneity increased;the correlation between landscape pattern index and water and sand was strong. If the land allocation of the basin is changed, the landscape pattern is bound to change accordingly. Therefore, the change trend of runoff and sediment in the basin can be achieved by indirectly changing land allocation.

关 键 词：水沙变化 土地利用 景观格局指数 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]