觉醒发生系统研究进展与思考  

Wakefulness-promoting systems:progress and thinking

作　　者：胡志安[1] 夏建霞[1] HU Zhi’an;XIA Jianxia(Department of Physiology,Institute of Brain and Intelligence,College of Basic Medical Sciences,Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,400038,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)基础医学院生理学教研室,脑与智能研究院,重庆400038

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2021年第15期1408-1417,共10页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新群体项目(31921003);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31571046)。

摘　　要：觉醒是生命的真实呈现。一直以来,觉醒研究的焦点主要是觉醒发生的神经机制。近年来,随着单细胞活动标记和检测技术的快速发展及在神经科学领域中的广泛应用,觉醒发生的神经环路机制不断得到更新和完善。除了经典的胆碱能、单胺能类等神经递质系统参与觉醒的发生外,神经肽能、谷氨酸能及γ-氨基丁酸能等神经递质系统也被发现是觉醒发生系统的重要组成部分。同时,有新的观点认为,觉醒既涉及促觉醒核团本身,也与觉醒发生系统支配的脑功能网络状态密不可分。觉醒不能的发生既可能源于觉醒发生系统受损,也可能源于关键的脑功能网络自身受损。因此,从脑功能网络状态出发,系统阐释觉醒发生系统与脑功能网络的内在关系,才能更好地理解觉醒的本质。Wakefulness is the real presentation of life.All the time,the neural mechanism of wakefulness has been the focus of its researches.With the development of single cell labeling and detection technologies and their wide application in the field of neurosciences,the mechanism of neural circuit for wakefulness has been continuously updated and improved.In recent years,more evidence demonstrates that except the classical cholinergic and monoamine neurotransmitter systems,other neurotransmitters are also the important components involved in the regulation of wakefulness,such as neuropeptides,glutamate andγ-aminobutyric acid.There is a new idea that wakefulness involves not only the wakefulness-promoting systems,but also the brain function network innervated by the systems.Only if the damage to the wakefulness-promoting system or to the core functional brain network itself,would not wakefulness occur.Therefore,from the perspective of the functional needs of the brain,we will better understand the nature of wakefulness.

关 键 词：觉醒 神经环路 思维 意识 价值判断 记忆 

分 类 号：R338.6[医药卫生—人体生理学]