不同收获时间对去穗玉米秸秆营养价值和青贮发酵品质的影响  

The effects of different harvest time on the nutritional value and the fermentation quality of ear-removed corn straw silage

作　　者：李龙兴 龚正发 朱欣 付浩 王松 陈秀华 LI Longxing;GONG Zhengfa;ZHU Xin;FU Hao;WANG Song;CHEN Xiuhua(Guizhou Grassland Technology Extending Station,Guiyang,Guizhou Province 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省草地技术试验推广站,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国饲料》2021年第15期85-89,共5页China Feed

基　　金：黔科合支撑“贵州主要农作物秸秆与牧草资源综合利用及抗氧化腐败技术研究”([2019]2367号)。

摘　　要：为探讨去穗玉米秸秆适宜的收获时间,本试验研究了不同收获时间对秸秆营养价值和青贮发酵品质的影响。在玉米去穗后第0、2、4、7、12天收割并进行青贮,测定不同收获时间玉米秸秆的营养成分和青贮60 d后的发酵品质。结果表明:随着收获时间的延长,去穗玉米秸秆干物质含量明显升高(P<0.05),水溶性碳水化合物含量呈先增加后降低的趋势,粗蛋白质含量显著下降(P<0.05),中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量呈逐渐上升趋势。各处理组中,不同收获时间对青贮料pH有明显影响,第12天的pH显著升高(P<0.05)。乳酸含量先增加后降低,第4天的乳酸含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。第12天的氨态氮/总氮值显著高于第0~7天(P<0.05)。V-Score得分呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,第2、4天的得分显著高于第0、7、12天(P<0.05)。综上,玉米去穗后2~4 d收获秸秆青贮利用效果较好。In order to explore the suitable harvest time of corn straw,this study was conducted to research the effects of different harvest time on the nutritional value and the fermentation quality of ear-removed corn straw silage.The corn stalks were harvested and silaged at 0,2,4,7,12 days after ear removed.The nutritional components of corn stalks harvested at different times and the fermentation quality of silage after 60 days were determined.The results showed that the content of dry matter increased significantly(P<0.05),the content of water-soluble carbohydrate of corn straw increased first and then decreased,the content of crude protein decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the content of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber increased gradually with the delay of harvest time.In each treatment group,different harvest time had significant effect on the pH of silage,and the pH increased significantly on the 12th day(P<0.05).The content of lactic acid increased first and then decreased.The content of lactic acid on the 4th day was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05).The value of AN/TN on the 12th day was significantly higher than that on the day 0~7(P<0.05).With the delay of harvest time,the V-Score increased at first and then decreased.The V-Score on the 2nd and 4th day was significantly higher than that on the 5th,7th and 12th day(P<0.05).It was suggested that the best silage quality when harvested within 2~4 days.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 收割时间 营养成分 青贮发酵品质 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]