细胞外囊泡在衰老及衰老相关性疾病中的研究进展  

Research progress on extracellular vesicles in aging and aging-related diseases

作　　者：于博文 杨静[1] 修成奎[1] 王雪[1] 雷燕[1] Yu Boxven;Yang Jing;Xiu Chengkui;Wang Xue;Lei Yan(Beijing Key Laboratory of Research of Chinese Medicine on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases,Medical Experiment Center,Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Center for Post-Doctoral Studies,Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院医学实验中心北京市中医药防治重大疾病基础研究重点实验室,100700 [2]中国中医科学院博士后科研流动站,100700

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2021年第7期932-936,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81673822);中国中医科学院院级自主选题(ZZ2019011)。

摘　　要：细胞外囊泡是脂质双分子层包绕形成的球状膜性囊泡,由多种细胞分泌并释放到细胞外环境中,包括外泌体、微粒和凋亡小体,是一种新的细胞间通讯方式,且作为生物标记物可指征多种疾病.然而,细胞外囊泡是如何随着年龄变化的,以及导致这些变化的潜在机制还不清楚.本文总结了细胞外囊泡的研究现状,重点讨论了细胞外囊泡与衰老之间的关系及其在衰老相关性疾病中的作用,并进一步阐述了其在衰老相关治疗方面的应用,为干预衰老过程及治疗衰老相关性疾病提供新思路.Extracellular vesicles are spherical membrane vesicles formed by bimolecular lipid layers and are secreted and released into the extracellular environment by many kinds of cells.Extracellular vesicles include exosomes,microparticles and apoptotic bodies,which represent newly discovered ways of intercellular communication and can be used as biomarkers to distinguish a variety of diseases.However,how extracellular vesicles change with age and the underlying mechanisms for these changes are not clear.This article reviews current research on extracellular vesicles,with a focus on the relationship between extracellular vesicles and aging and its role in aging-related diseases.Furthermore,its practical application in aging is also discussed,in order to provide new ideas for the intervention of the aging process and the treatment of aging-related diseases.

关 键 词：细胞外囊泡 衰老 

分 类 号：R363[医药卫生—病理学] R339.38[医药卫生—基础医学]