以黄浆水为基质的芽孢杆菌制剂制备工艺优化及功效分析  

Preparation and Functionalities of Bacillus Agents Cultured on Soymilk Wastewater

作　　者：官雪芳[1,2] 王琦 郑琪[1] 林斌 黄菊青 GUAN Xuefang;WANG Qi;ZHENG Qi;LIN Bin;HUANG Juqing(Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Produce(Food)Processing,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所,福建福州350002 [2]福建省农产品(食品)加工重点实验室,福建福州350002

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2021年第6期670-678,共9页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省科技计划公益类专项(2019R1032-4);福建省财政厅项目(闽财指[2014]680号);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目(STIT2017-1-10)。

摘　　要：【目的】利用豆腐黄浆水为发酵原料制备芽孢杆菌制剂,降低芽孢杆菌制剂生产成本,提高菌制剂活菌数。【方法】利用豆腐黄浆水发酵制备枯草芽孢杆菌SB13和地衣芽孢杆菌BL14菌制剂,并以菌落数为指标,采用单因素试验进行制备工艺优化;通过体外模拟消化及DNS法分析其作为饲料添加剂的功效。【结果】菌株SB13和BL14在黄浆水基质中均能正常生长,其产孢最佳温度为35℃,最适培养时间分别为72 h和48 h,最佳保护剂分别为10%脱脂奶粉和4%蔗糖,最适载体分别为10%麦耚和10%淀粉,最适干燥工艺均为冷冻干燥。此工艺条件下,SB13和BL14菌制剂的活菌数分别为6.40×10^(8)和9.80×10^(8)cfu·mL^(-1),菌存活率分别为97.71%和94.69%。两种菌制剂经过人工胃、胰液处理2 h后,菌存活数在2.55×10^(7)~13.10×10^(7)cfu·mL^(-1),内切葡聚糖酶活保存率均大于39%(胃液)和72%(胰液),并对鸡、猪和牛饲料均有显著的糖化作用。其中,菌株BL14对金黄色葡萄球菌有显著抑制效果。【结论】实现了黄浆水在芽孢杆菌制剂生产中的创新应用,降低了生产成本;通过工艺优化提高了菌制剂中的单位活菌数;制备的芽孢杆菌制剂有助于促进畜禽对饲料的吸收利用,其中菌制剂BL14还可应用于金黄色葡萄球菌感染的畜禽治疗。【Objective】Fermentation processes utilizing soymilk processing wastewater to prepare feed additives with a high viable bacteria count and desirable functionalities were tested for applications.【Method】Bacillus subtilis SB13 and B.licheniformis BL14 were cultured in the wastewater.Medium formulation and process optimization were conducted with a single factor experiment determined by the count of viable bacteria in the resulting preparations.Functions as an additive for chicken,pig,and cattle feeds of the preparations was evaluated by an in vitro simulated digestion and a DNS method.【Result】Both SB13 and BL14 grew normally in the soymilk wastewater.The optimized culture processes for SB13 and BL14 included sporulation temperatures at 35℃for 72 h and 48 h,respectively.To facilitate dehydrating the fermentation broths,a protective agent of 10%skim milk powder was added in the medium for SB13 and 4%sucrose for BL14,as well as a carrier of 10%wheat bran for SB13 and 10%starch for BL14.After completion of the fermentation,the broths were freezedried and kept in sealed containers prior to functionality tests.The dried SB13 agent showed a viable bacteria count of 6.40×10^(8)cfu·mL^(-1)and a survival rate at 97.71%,while BL14 a count of 9.80×10^(8)cfu·mL^(-1)and a survival rate at 94.69%.Upon the artificial gastric juice and pancreatic juice treatments for 2 h,the two preparations had survived counts ranged from 2.55×10^(7)to 13.10×10^(7)cfu·mL^(-1).The endoglucanase activity of the preparations was more than 39%retained after the gastric juice treatment and 72%after the pancreatic juice treatment.Both agents displayed significant glycation on feed,and BL14 exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus.【Conclusion】Utilizing the wastewater from soymilk processing to culture B.subtilis SB13 and B.licheniformis BL14 resulted in preparations that could become a functional additive to forages for livestock and poultry industry.The process was cost effective and environmentally frie

关 键 词：芽孢杆菌制剂 载体 保护剂 内切葡聚糖酶 豆腐黄浆水 

分 类 号：Q939.9[生物学—微生物学]