2015~2018年广州市海珠区大肠癌筛查效果分析  

Colorectal Cancer Screening in Haizhu District of Guangzhou,2015〜2018

作　　者：张晓[1] 杨琼英[1] 于海波[2] 吴辉绪[2] 李科[1] 林国桢[1] Zhang Xiao;Yang Qiongying;Yu Haibo;Wu Huixu;Li Ke;Lin Guozhen(Department of Control and Prevention for Infectious Disease,Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 510440,Guangdongy China;Department of Prevention and Control for Chronic Non-Communicable Dicease,Haizhu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 510310,Guangdongy China)

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制部,广州510440 [2]广州市海珠区疾病预防控制中心慢病科,广州510310

出　　处：《肿瘤预防与治疗》2021年第7期637-641,共5页Journal of Cancer Control And Treatment

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(编号:2018102595454656)。

摘　　要：目的:通过对2015~2018年广州市海珠区大肠癌初筛和肠镜检查结果的分析,评价其筛查效果,为基于人群的大肠癌筛查工作提供依据。方法:采用危险因素评估问卷和两次粪便隐血检测(fecal occult blood test,FOBT)进行初筛,初筛阳性者转介至定点医疗机构参与全结肠镜检查,所有初筛和肠镜检查数据录入广州市大肠癌筛查信息系统。结果:2015~2018年共63922人参与大肠癌筛查,初筛阳性人数13459人,初筛阳性率21.05%,女性两次参与筛查的积极性均明显高于男性(P<0.001),但男性两次FOBT阳性率均高于女性(P<0.001),且整体初筛阳性率也是男性高于女性(P<0.001)。FOBT阳性率和整体初筛阳性率随着年龄增长而增加(P<0.001)。初筛阳性者中2977人参与肠镜检查,肠镜检查顺应性22.12%。检出进展期腺瘤250例,大肠癌97例。男性大肠癌检出率是女性的2.24倍。随着年龄增长,大肠癌检出率有所升高(P<0.001),70~74岁组检出率是50~54岁的5.74倍。早诊率85.71%(300/350)。结论:大肠癌筛查能有效提高癌前病变和早期癌检出率,降低大肠癌发病率和死亡率,对于大肠癌的早诊早治有重要意义。Objective:To evaluate the effects of colorectal cancer screening and colonoscopic results in Haizhu District of Guangzhou from 2015 to 2018,so as to provide evidence for population-based colorectal cancer screening.Methods:Risk Factor Assessment Questionnaire and two fecal occult blood tests(FOBT)were used for primary screening.Patients with positive results were transferred to designated medical institutions for total colonoscopy.Data of primary screening and colonoscopy were recorded in Guangzhou Colorectal Cancer Screening Information System.Results:From 2015 to 2018,a total of 63,922 respondents participated in colorectal cancer screening,and 13,459 respondents were positive in the initial screening,with a positive rate of 21.05%.Women were significantly more willingly than men in participating in two FOBT(P<0.001).Positive men were more than positive women in two FOBT(P<0.001),and the overall positive rate in men was also higher than that in women(P<0.001).Both FOBR-positive rate and the overall positive rate increased as respondents aged(P<0.001).Among the screening-positive patients,2,977 further participated in colonoscopy,with the compliance rate of 22.12%.There were 250 cases of advanced adenoma and 97 cases of colorectal cancer.The colorectal cancer detection rate in men was 2.24 times as high as that in women.With the increase of age,the detection rate of colorectal cancer increased gradually(P<0.001).The detection rate in the 70-74 age group was 5.74 times as high as that in the 50~54 age group.The early diagnosis rate was 85.71%(300/350).Conclusion:Colorectal cancer screening can effectively improve the detection rate of precancerous cases and early cancer patients,reduce the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer,and is of great significance for the early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer.

关 键 词：大肠癌 粪便隐血检测 肠镜检查 筛查 早诊早治 广州 

分 类 号：R735.3[医药卫生—肿瘤] R730.1[医药卫生—临床医学]