作物根构型相关基因研究进展及其在马铃薯抗旱种质创新中的应用展望  

Research progress of crop root architecture genes and their application prospects in drought-tolerant potato breeding

作　　者：许德蓉 孙超 毕真真[1,2] 秦天元 王一好 王小东 梁文君 李鹏程 张俊莲 白江平[1,2] XU Derong;SUN Chao;BI Zhenzhen;QIN Tianyuan;WANG Yihao;WANG Xiaodong;LIANG Wenjun;LI Pengcheng;ZHANG Junlian;BAI Jiangping(Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement&Germplasm Enhancement/Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Agronomy,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室,甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730070 [3]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2021年第5期1007-1022,共16页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32060502);甘肃省创新能力提升项目(2019B-073);国家马铃薯产业技术体系(CARS-09-P14);甘肃省马铃薯产业体系(GARS-03-P1);甘肃省科技计划项目(19ZD2WA002-02);兰州市人才项目(2017-RC-39);甘肃农业大学创新基金(GAU-XKJS-2018-085);甘肃农业大学人才专项(2017RCZX-44)。

摘　　要：根构型决定了植物根系在土壤中的分布情况,影响着根系吸收土壤水分和养分的能力,对提高作物产量具有重要意义。本文整理并分析了近年来已经公开发表的233个调控植物根构型的基因,首先根据根构型的五大要素(主根、侧根、不定根、冠根和根毛)进行了划分和整理,然后通过聚类分析归为11类转录因子和5类功能基因并详述了其基因功能,旨在进一步挖掘出通过调控根构型进而提高作物抗旱性的基因,以期在马铃薯中研究其具体的抗旱作用机理,为马铃薯抗旱种质创新提供理论基础。The root architecture determines the distribution of plant roots in the soil, affects the ability of the roots to uptake water and nutrients from the soil, and plays an important role in improving crop yield. This paper summarizes and analyzes 233 genes regulating plant root architecture that have been published in recent years. First, these genes were divided in to five major elements of root architecture(primary root, lateral root, adventitious root, crown root, and root hair) according to their function. Then through cluster analysis, these genes were classified into 11 types of transcription factors and 5 types of functional genes and their gene functions were described in detail. The aim of this paper is to further discover genes that can improve the drought resistance of crops by optimizing the root architecture, and study the specific drought resistance mechanism of these genes in potato in the future, which can provide a theoretical basis for drought-tolerant potato breeding.

关 键 词：根构型 转录因子 功能基因 马铃薯 抗旱 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]