苗族的祖源传说与身份认同--以清水江上游清江村田氏为例  

The Ancestral Legend and Identity of Miao Nationality:A Case Study of Tian Family in Qingjiang Village in the Upper Reaches of Qingshui River

作　　者：袁轶峰 石凯月 YUAN Yi-feng;SHI Kai-yue

机构地区：[1]贵州大学历史与民族文化学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《原生态民族文化学刊》2021年第4期65-74,154,共11页Journal of Ethnic Culture

摘　　要：长期以来,清水江上游苗族内部广泛流传着祖先起源的历史传说。清江村即是清水江上游的一个传统民族村落。清江田氏通过口耳相传一代又一代将自己的祖源传承下去,又通过传统民俗节日不断强化自己的民族记忆。“中原”“江西”和“鼓”等汉文化符号始终贯穿其迁徙、定居、土著化的历史进程中,作为漫长迁徙历程中的记忆,时常与王朝政治、历史发展以及自身利益交织在一起。最后,田氏通过祖源传说,淡化自身“外来者”的身份,追求自身文化的正统性,融入地方社会,参与传统仪式与节日空间的建构,塑造和强化着对祖源历史的深切记忆和对国家民族的身份认同。For a long time,historical legends about the origin of ancestors have been widely circulated within the Miao people in the upstream of the Qingshui River.Qingjiang Village is a traditional ethnic village on the upper reaches of Qingshui River,where the Miao people have passed on their ancestors orally from generation to generation,and they have continuously strengthened their national memory through traditional folk festivals.Chinese cultural symbols such as“Central Plains”,“Jiangxi”and“drum”have always run through the historical process of migration,settlement,and indigenization.As memories of the long migration process,they are often intertwined with dynasty politics,historical development and their own interests.Finally,through the legend of the ancestral source,Tian families downplay their identity as“outsiders”,pursue the legitimacy of their own culture,integrate into the local society,participate in the construction of traditional rituals and festival,thus shaping and strengthening the deep memory of the ancestral history and the identity of the country and the nation.

关 键 词：祖源传说 历史记忆 身份认同 苗族 

分 类 号：C952[社会学—民族学]