高油气比燃烧技术工程应用与发展分析  

Engineering Application and Development Analysis of High Fuel-air Ratio Combustion Technology

作　　者：林宏军 尚守堂 程明 马宏宇 常峰 LIN Hong-jun;SHANG Shou-tang;CHENG Ming;MA Hong-yu;CHANG Feng(AECC Shenyang Engine Research Institute,Shenyang 110015,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发沈阳发动机研究所,沈阳110015

出　　处：《航空发动机》2021年第4期72-81,共10页Aeroengine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(92041001、91641205);国家科技重大专项(2017-Ⅲ-002-0026)资助。

摘　　要：为了从工程应用的角度分析战斗机航空发动机主燃烧室设计技术的发展,对比分析了主燃烧室温升随航空发动机推重比提高的趋势,着重分析高油气比主燃烧室工程研制亟需解决的基本技术矛盾和可采用的技术途径,展望了高油气比主燃烧室技术发展的趋势。同时基于解决高油气比主燃烧室研发基本矛盾的技术思路,重点回顾了多级旋流燃烧、中心分级燃烧、驻涡燃烧和可变几何燃烧等潜在的燃烧组织方案在工程应用和技术发展的现状,通过分析表明采用较为常规的旋流燃烧组织模式,通过改变燃烧室流量分配,增加头部燃烧空气量而实现高油气比燃烧的多级旋流和中心分级燃烧室方案具有良好的工程适用性,而如驻涡和变几何燃烧等新型燃烧组织方案虽然具有良好的应用前景,但因其结构和控制的复杂性,暂时尚无法在工程中实现应用。In order to analyze the development direction of the combustor design technology of fighter aeroengine from the perspective of engineering application,the trend of the combustor temperature rise with the increasing thrust-to-weight ratio of aeroengine was compared and analyzed.The basic technical contradictions that need to be resolved urgently and the technical approaches that can be adopted for the engineering development of the high fuel-air ratio combustor were analyzed.The development trend of the high fuel-air ratio combustor technology was prospected.At the same time,based on the technical ideas to solve the basic contradictions in the research and development of the high fuel-air ratio combustor.It focused on the review of the status of potential combustor design schemes in the engineering application and technical development,such as multi-stage swirling,concentrically staged,trapped vortex combustion and variable geometry combustor.The analysis shows that a swirling combustion method can be adopted,to achieve high fuel-air ratio by changing the flow distribution of the combustor and increasing the head combustor air volume.The multi-stage swirling and concentrically staged combustor design schemes that increase the combustion air volume in the head of combustor have good engineering applicability in the design of the high fuel-air ratio combustor.Although new combustion organization schemes such as trapped vortex and variable geometry combustor have good engineering application prospects,they cannot be applied in engineering for the time being due to the complexity of their structure and control.

关 键 词：燃烧技术 主燃烧室 高油气比 工程应用 发展趋势 航空发动机 

分 类 号：V231.2[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]