从海蒂·拉玛发明跳频技术看科学想象在技术创新中的作用  

The function of scientific imagination in technological innovation as seen from Hedy Lamarr's Invention of frequency hopping technology

作　　者：杨可鑫 李斌 YANG Kexin;LI Bin(School of Humanities,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学人文学院,北京100049

出　　处：《科技导报》2021年第14期166-172,共7页Science & Technology Review

摘　　要：海蒂·拉玛借鉴自动演奏钢琴原理发明了跳频技术,该技术使通信收发双方的传输信号在一组预先指定的频率上按编码序列规定的顺序同步、离散地跳变,从而扩展频谱并实现通信。从创造性思维视角梳理了海蒂·拉玛技术创新的4个步骤:接触扩频、灵感来源、原理设计、原理应用,表明科学想象对于海蒂·拉玛的创新发明起到基础性、关键性的作用;探究了科学想象作为创造性思维的一种非逻辑的表现形式,认为其不仅可为技术创新的“瓶颈”难题提供新思路,还可为技术创新的“解题”活动提供新方案。The frequency-hopping technology was invented by Hedy Lamarr,based on the principle of the auto-playing piano,which enables the transmission of signals from both the receiver and the sender to jump synchronously and separately on a set of pre-specified frequencies according to the sequence specified in the coding sequence,thus spreading the spectrum and realizing the communication.From the perspective of the creative thinking,Hedy Lamarr's technological innovation can be described in four steps:the contact spread spectrum,the inspiration source,the principle design,and the principle application.It is suggested that the scientific imagination plays a fundamental and key role in the Hedy Lamarr's innovation.The scientific imagination can be regarded as an illogical manifestation of the creative thinking,which not only provides new ideas for the"bottleneck"problem of the technological innovation,but also provides new solutions for the"problem-solving"activity of the technological innovation.

关 键 词：海蒂.拉玛 科学想象 创造性思维 技术创新 

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