基于CFD的单螺旋榨油机榨膛流场特性分析与试验  

Characteristics and experiment of flow field in barrel of single stage screw press based on CFD

作　　者：张丽梅 黄志刚[1] 宋宇 吴丹 ZHANG Limei;HUANG Zhigang;SONG Yu;WU Dan(School of Materials Science and Mechnical Engineering,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学材料与机械工程学院,北京100048

出　　处：《中国油脂》2021年第7期133-137,共5页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2016YFD0400305);北京市教育委员会科研计划项目(PXM2019014213000007,KM201910011002)。

摘　　要：榨油机通过榨膛内部的油料和螺杆、榨膛相互挤压榨油产生典型的单向流固耦合。为明确油料的运动情况以及温度、压力等因素对出油率的影响,通过建立变截面的单螺旋榨油机螺杆几何模型,根据实际容积在Fluent中建立榨膛流体域,采用CFD的欧拉多相流模型在碎花生颗粒和油的混合物充满榨膛情况下,进行榨膛内的油料和螺杆、榨膛的流固耦合计算。结果表明:螺杆转速一定时,榨膛内流体随螺杆转动并沿螺杆长度方向流动;以油的体积分数作为油的浓度,油浓度沿螺杆长度方向递增,压力一定时温度越高浓度越大,温度一定时压力越大浓度越大。试验证明在温度80℃、压力10 MPa情况下所使用的单螺旋榨油机的出油率较高。研究结果为实际压榨过程中的螺杆设计、压力和温度设置等提供理论依据。A typical unidirectional fluid-solid coupling was produced by squeezing each other of oilseeds, worm shaft and barrel in the press. In order to clarify the movement of the oilseeds and the effects of temperature, pressure on the oil yield, firstly a geometry model of the worm shaft of a single stage screw press with variable cross-section was established, then a fluid domain of the barrel was established in Fluent based on the actual volume, the fluid-solid coupling of the oilseeds, worm shaft and barrel was calculated by Euler multiphase flow model of CFD under the condition that the mixture of crushed peanut particles and oil was full of the barrel. The results showed that with the special screw speed, the fluid in the barrel rotated with the worm shaft and flowed along the length of the worm shaft;when the volume fraction was taken as the concentration of the oil, the oil concentration increased along the length of the worm shaft. When the pressure was constant, the higher the temperature was, the greater the oil concentration was, and when the temperature was constant, the higher the pressure was, the greater the oil concentration was. The experiment also verified that the oil yield was higher at 80℃ and 10 MPa. The research results provided a theoretical basis for worm shaft design, pressure and temperature setting, etc. in the actual pressing process.

关 键 词：单螺旋榨油机 榨膛 流固耦合 FLUENT 

分 类 号：TS223[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] TS203[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]