选本批评与美国华人学者对现代汉诗史的海外重构  

Anthology Criticism and Overseas Reconstruction of Modern Chinese Poetry History by American Chinese Scholars

作　　者：苏文健[1] SU Wen-jian

机构地区：[1]华侨大学文学院/中外文学与翻译研究中心,福建泉州362021

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第4期25-39,共15页Journal of Huaqiao University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“现代汉诗的整体性研究”(20&ZD284);华侨大学“华侨华人研究”专项经费资助项目“华语语系文学的海外建构及其影响”(HQHRYB2018-04)。

摘　　要：现代汉诗选本能彰显选者鲜明的文学趣味、文学观念和批评意识,更隐含着选者对特定历史时期现代汉诗发展演变的独特把握。当代美国华人学者的现代汉诗选本是勘察现代汉诗海外翻译、传播和研究不容忽视的重要存在。他们既向海外翻译传播优秀的现代汉诗作品,也对现代汉诗史的书写提供重要的海外视野。叶维廉对现代主义诗歌史的挖掘重整、张错对台湾现代诗版图的个性擘画、奚密对百年现代汉诗史的海外建构,在研究观念、批评视角、甚至价值立场等方面,都形成迥异于中国本土学者的特殊理解与诗学阐释。具体而言,在选本标准上,凸显诗歌自身的艺术特性与发展规律;在选本意图上,呈现深刻的历史意识与文学经典秩序的重构;在选本策略上,彰显开阔的学术视野与批评眼光。其启示意义至少有三点值得注意:第一,选者是权威的现代汉诗研究者及翻译者;第二,出版者是权威的出版机构;第三,读者是被瞄准着相对明确的目标人群。进而言之,现代汉诗的整体性研究,不能忽视洋人学者尤其是海外华人学者的研究力量。尽管美国华人学者在现代汉诗选本的编选中拥有某种“特权”,也借此在美国/海外传播中国文学作品,形塑“中国形象”,但他们作为“他者”去解读中国的“特权”,洞见与不见并存,需辩证对待。The anthology of modern Chinese poetry by contemporary American Chinese scholars is an important existence that can not be ignored in the study of overseas translation,dissemination and research of modern Chinese poetry.They not only spread excellent modern Chinese poems to overseas translation,but also provide an important overseas vision for writing the history of modern Chinese poetry.Specifically,on the standard of anthology,it highlights the artistic characteristics and development law of poetry itself;on the intention of anthology,it presents a profound historical consciousness and the reconstruction of the order of literary classics;on the strategy of anthology,it shows a broad academic vision and critical vision.And what’s more,the research power of foreign scholars,especially overseas Chinese scholars,should not be ignored in the holistic study of modern Chinese poetry.Although the American Chinese scholars have certain“privileges”in the compilation of modern Chinese poems,they also spread Chinese literary works in the United States/overseas with their work and shape the“image of China”.As the“other”,they need to be treated dialectically for their interpreting the China’s“privilege”with both insight and invisibility.

关 键 词：选本批评 美国华人学者 现代汉诗 海外重构 经典化 

分 类 号：I207.2[文学—中国文学]