学校自主权的宽松和多样化真的有效吗——基于TALIS2018-PISA2018链接的宏观数据分析  

Is the Ease Diversification of School Autonomy Really Effective?:Macro Data Analysis Based on Talis2018-Pisa2018 Link

作　　者：宁波[1] Ning Bo(Institute of International and Comparative Education,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学国际与比较教育研究院,上海200234

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2021年第10期57-65,共9页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2018年度教育学青年课题“中小学校长生存状态的实证研究”(CHA180269)的部分成果。

摘　　要：学校自主权是我国教育体制改革长期关注、持续调整的重要内容。本研究基于TALIS2018-PISA2018链接的宏观数据,试图呈现参与国家和地区在各种类型学校自主权上的宽松程度和多样化程度,以及学生阅读成绩和学校革新氛围的总体质量和均衡程度。基于结构方程模型的分析结果显示,不同类型学校自主权的宽松程度和多样化程度,对于学生阅读成绩和学校革新氛围的总体质量和均衡程度的影响存在较大差异。为此,应根据学生学习结果和学校革新氛围的总体水平、差异系数和预期目标,制定有针对性的学校赋权政策。从提高学校革新氛围均衡程度角度出发,本文尝试提出的结论和政策建议包括:持续探索推进学校政策宽松的有效路径;教育系统层面的学校人事自主权"松绑"存在较大风险;过于宽松和多样化的学校财务自主权并不适合大多数学校;学校课程自主权的宽松和多样化对于学生成绩和学校变革的影响不同;学校的教学领导权需要"政府-学校-社会"的共同参与。school autonomy is an important part of the long-term attention and continuous adjustment of China’s education system reform. Based on the macro data linked by talis2018-pisa2018,it can show the degree of looseness and diversification of participating countries and regions in various types of school autonomy,as well as the overall quality and balance of students’ reading performance and school innovation atmosphere. Based on the structural equation model,the results show that the degree of relaxation and diversification of different types of school autonomy has great difference on the overall quality and balance of students’ reading performance and school innovation atmosphere. Education administration departments in different countries and regions should formulate targeted school empowerment policies according to students’ learning results and the overall level,coefficient of difference and expected objectives of school innovation atmosphere. From the point of view of improving the balance of school innovation atmosphere,the policy suggestions for Shanghai education administrative department include:continuously exploring the effective way to promote school policy liberalization;there is a big risk in loosening school personnel autonomy at the level of education system;too loose and diversified school financial autonomy is not suitable for most schools;the influence of loose school curriculum autonomy and diversity on students’ achievement and school reform is different,the school’s teaching leadership needs the participation of "government-school-society".

关 键 词：学校自主权 学生阅读成绩 学校革新氛围 优质均衡 TALIS-PISA链接 

分 类 号：G353.1[文化科学—情报学] G47