切割式油茶果脱蒲机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Cutting Type Camellia oleifera Fruit Shelling Machine

作　　者：陈礼东 胡淑珍[1] 姚占斌 任嘉嘉[1] 潘锋波 洪毅晓 CHEN Lidong;HU Shuzhen;YAO Zhanbin;REN Jiajia;PAN Fengbo;HONG Yixiao(Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences,Beijing 100083,China;CMC Kangyuan Grain and Oil Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China;Qingtian Qiaoxiang Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Qingtian Zhejiang 323900,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业机械化科学研究院,北京100083 [2]中机康元粮油装备有限公司,北京100083 [3]青田县侨乡农业发展有限公司,浙江青田323900

出　　处：《农业工程》2021年第5期80-85,共6页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0700103)。

摘　　要：为提高油茶果机械化脱蒲效果和便于进行茶籽与茶蒲分离,在油茶果物料特性研究的基础上,设计了一种由切割结构、脱蒲结构等组成的切割式油茶果脱蒲机。选取辊筒转速、橡胶板转速及切割深度3个关键因素,以油茶果脱蒲率、有效得率和分离率为指标进行试验研究。结果表明:随着辊筒转速的增加,脱蒲率先增加后降低,最高为87%;分离率的变化较小;有效得率先降低然后在一定范围内变化,有效得率最低为98.8%。橡胶板转速对有效得率的影响最明显,有效得率随着橡胶板转速的增加而逐渐降低,最低达到94.2%;橡胶板转速对脱蒲率和分离率的影响均较小。随着切割深度的增加,脱蒲率和有效得率都有明显的增加,脱蒲率最高为97%,有效得率最低为95.2%;分离率整体变化较小。In order to improve mechanical dehulling effect of Camellia oleifera fruit and facilitate separation of tea seeds and tea husks,a cutting type Camellia oleifera fruit peeling machine,which was composed of a cutting structure and a dehulling structure,was designed based on characteristics study of Camellia oleifera fruit material. Three key factors of roller speed,rubber plate speed and cutting depth were selected,and index of shelling rate,effective yield and separation rate of Camellia oleifera fruit was used for experimental research. Results showed that with increase of roller speed,shelling rate firstly increased and then decreased,the highest was 87%;separation rate changed little;effective yield firstly decreased and then changed within a certain range,the effective yield was the lowest at 98. 8%. Speed of rubber sheet had the most obvious effect on effective yield,and effective yield gradually decreased with the increase of speed of rubber sheet,reaching a minimum of 94. 2%;speed of rubber sheet had little effect on peeling rate and separation rate. As cutting depth increased,shelling rate and effective yield had increased significantly,with the highest shelling rate being 97% and the lowest effective yield being 95. 2%;overall separation rate had not changed much.

关 键 词：油茶果 切割式 脱蒲机 分离率 

分 类 号：S226.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]