善与恶的双重悖论——论马洛悲剧中的“恶棍英雄”  

The Double Paradoxes of Good and Evil:On Christopher Marlowe’s Villain-Hero

作　　者：常远佳 赵炎秋[1] CHANG Yuanjia;ZHAO Yanqiu

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学文学院,湖南长沙410081 [2]湖南第一师范学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2021年第4期107-114,共8页Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第63批面上资助项目“马洛悲剧诗学研究”(181609)。

摘　　要：克里斯托弗·马洛是文艺复兴时期英国戏剧的伟大先驱。他第一个用"恶棍英雄"作为悲剧英雄,这类角色因为有别于"性格必须善良"的传统悲剧英雄而一直备受争议。恶棍英雄的矛盾形象代表了道德的"恶"与历史的"善"之间的悖论关系,显示了新的生产力关系、新的自我与过时的基督教价值观之间的矛盾。恶棍英雄身上因为同时具有英雄和恶棍的特征而存在第一重悖论,而他们身上的第二重也是更深刻的一重悖论在于,正是因为他们挑战了传统基督教价值观中不人道和有碍历史进步之处而代表着一种普遍的"善"。马洛将有悖传统基督教价值观的形象极大地英雄化,体现了文艺复兴人文主义精神。Christopher Marlowe is one of the great forerunners of English Renaissance drama.He is the first English writer who employs villain-hero as the tragic hero,which breaks the tradition that"the tragic hero must be good"and causes a long-term argument among critics.The contradictory image of the villain-hero represents the paradoxical relationship between moral"evil"and historical"goodness",and shows the contradiction between the new productivity relationship,the new self and the old Christian values.The first paradox of the villain-hero is that they have the characteristics of both heroes and villains at the same time;the second paradox in them is that they represent a universal"goodness"because they challenge the inhumane and backward traditional Christian values.Marlowe,by making the villain-hero hero-like,expresses his Humanism.

关 键 词：克里斯托弗·马洛 恶棍英雄 悖论 道德的“恶” 历史的“善” 

分 类 号：I561.073[文学—其他各国文学]